Combustion and emissions control in diesel–methane dual fuel engines: The effects of methane supply method combined with variable in-cylinder charge bulk motion

Guidelines for Improving Diesel Engine Characteristics

“…At low load, no relevant effects of the methane supply method on the heat release histories were observed (Abd-Alla et al 2001;Carlucci et al 2011). On the contrary, the analysis of the combustion images and the luminance curves demonstrated that, for several combinations of the engine-operating parameters, port injection can probably induce some stratification effects on the in-cylinder charge, modifying the intensity and the spreading of the combustion flame.…”

“…At high load, the swirl port injection engine shows higher peaks on the heat release curves and a generally more rapid development of the combustion with respect to the swirl/tumble port, while the tumble port shows an intermediate trend (Carlucci et al 2011). At high loads, the improving effect of swirl port bulk motion affects the combustion, starting from the first steps of the oxidation process.…”

“…In Carlucci et al (2011) the interactions of the methane injection strategies with the various in-cylinder charge motions have been investigated. For this purpose, the swirl helicoidal port and the tumble direct port of the engine intake were activated and deactivated in order to obtain three different in-cylinder bulk motions, denominated as the swirl, tumble, and swirl/tumble ports (Fig.…”

“…On the other hand, direct methane injection is characterized by some practical complications, due to the necessity of a high pressure supply and to the problem of positioning another injector into the cylinder head. One possibility to overcome these technical difficulties in dual fuel mode is the injection of methane and preparation of air-methane mixture in the intake manifold (Carlucci et al 2011;Sahoo et al 2009;Abd-Alla et al 2001).…”

Morphological analysis of injected sprays of different bio-diesel fuels by using a common rail setup controlled by a programmable electronic system

“…In addition, this is efficient in order to obtain better biodiesel characteristics, such as minor density and viscosity variations, lower aromatic hydrocarbons content and a more convenient sprays morphology of the injected biofuel inside the combustion chamber [37][38][39][40][41]. Hence, in this research work, the results of different tests performed in order to characterise the sprays morphology provided by a diesel injector, varying injection pressure and opening time, are shown; four fuel typologies were tested, three types of biodiesel and the conventional diesel [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Using a fast camera, the images related to spray injections were acquired and post-processed using a LabVIEW software, thereby characterising each injected spray related to a particular fuel typology and comparing the morphology (spray penetration depth and shape ratio) of the different performed injections for each tested fuel.…”