Combustion and emissions of RP-3 jet fuel and diesel fuel in a single-cylinder diesel engine

Zhao, Tianfeng; Ren, Zhe; Yang, Ke; Sun, Tao; Shi, Lei; Huang, Zhen; Han, Dong

doi:10.1007/s11708-021-0787-3

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…At CDC conditions, high-turbulent flows (red regions) are mainly formed near the spray/wall interaction regions. These numerical achievements agreed well with conducted investigations, [51][52][53] mainly due to the higher flame velocity of H 2 gas, nearly two times bigger than diesel fuel, and considerably improved the flame front development throughout the combustion chamber and reached closer to the center of piston bowls. Additionally, the use of a stepped-lip chamber significantly increases the flow velocity near the piston lip compared to other piston bowls, which can significantly enhance the initial oxidation reactions of diesel droplets resulting from diesel spray separation at the lip region.…”

Section: Numerical Achievementssupporting

confidence: 88%

A numerical study of piston bowl geometry and diesel injection timing in a heavy-duty diesel/syngas RCCI engine

Seddiq

Delprete

Brusa

et al. 2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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The current numerical study aims to examine the single and combined effects of various piston bowl geometries, diesel main Start of Injection (SOI) timing, and syngas energy ratio on the combustion characteristics, specific emissions (g/kW·h), energy distribution, and exergy of a heavy-duty off-road Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) diesel engine. The examined geometries include the stock chamber (baseline combustion chamber), wide-shallow chamber, dual-swirl chamber, stepped-lip chamber. The main SOI timing was varied from −20 to −5 Crank Angle (CA) After Top Dead Center (ATDC) with 5 CA steps. Also, syngas energy ratio including 0% Conventional Diesel Combustion (CDC) mode, 20%, 40%, and 60% of total fuel energy per cycle. To accomplish this goal, the SAGE combustion model coupled with a reduced chemical kinetic mechanism consists of 360 reactions, and 72 species was applied to conduct this investigation. The numerical findings showed that the use of the wide-shallow chamber extended the engine operable range under diesel-syngas combustion operating conditions. In comparison to the baseline CDC case, the application of the dual-swirl chamber under CDC conditions, and main SOI timing of −15 CA ATDC led to reduction of Carbon Monoxide ([Formula: see text]), Hydro-Carbon ([Formula: see text]), Particle Matter ([Formula: see text]), Carbon Dioxide ([Formula: see text]), Indicated Specific Energy Consumption (ISEC), Gross Indicated Efficiency (GIE), and exergy efficiency but with a Nitrogen Oxides ([Formula: see text]) penalty rate. In general, an increase in the bore to bowl diameter ratio caused a shorter ignition delay period and combustion duration. The utilization of the stepped-lip chamber at both CDC and diesel-syngas combustion operating modes resulted in a shorter ignition delay period, but a longer combustion duration. Nonetheless, the stepped-lip combustion chamber reduced the diffusive flame temperature. Also, it is noteworthy that the utilization of the stock chamber along with the main SOI timing at −5 CA ATDC under diesel-syngas 60% combustion mode is a suitable technique to pass EURO-VI [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] emissions regulations.

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Section: Numerical Achievementssupporting

confidence: 88%

A numerical study of piston bowl geometry and diesel injection timing in a heavy-duty diesel/syngas RCCI engine

Seddiq

Delprete

Brusa

et al. 2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Advancements in after-treatment technologies that effectively eliminate nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM) from diesel exhaust gases have been significantly propelled by the global enforcement of more stringent emission regulations. 1 Nitrogen oxides (NO x ) are a class of exceptionally reactive gases composed of varying proportions of nitrogen and oxygen. 2 Diffusion, transport, and deposition of NO x occur after it is emitted directly into the atmosphere from combustion processes as a primary pollutant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Topological Structure of Different Cu-Zeolites on the Relationship between Soot and NO_x Removal on NH₃–SCRF

Ye,

Zhao,

Tang

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Experimental studies were carried out to explore the effect of zeolite topology on NO x purification and soot oxidation in ammonia selective catalytic reduction coated diesel particulate filter (SCRF) catalysts. The catalytic activity of Cu-exchanged zeolites Cu/SSZ-13 (CHA topology), Cu/ZSM-5 (MFI), and Cu/ BEA(BEA) was evaluated in the NH 3 −SCRF. Experiments with XRD and ICP-SFMS demonstrated that the three types of samples retained their typical structural peaks after Cu modification, and the similar ratios of Cu/Al and Si/Al ensure that the primary cause of different catalytic performances was caused by different framework structures. As determined by laboratory experiments with synthetic gas, Cu/SSZ-13 exhibited an extended activity window and a higher deNO x efficiency at NO 2 /NO x below 0.5. In addition, Cu/ZSM-5 consistently exhibited superior CO 2 selectivity in soot-loading experiments, regardless of the NO 2 concentration. When loaded with soot, Cu/BEA exhibited exceptional deNO x performance at NO 2 /NO x = 0.5. NH 3 was observed to have a negative effect on soot oxidation by NO 2 , while the consumption of NO 2 by soot oxidation contributed to the NO 2 −SCR reaction being aided. Influenced by different zeolite structural features, the degree of diffusion of copper in the zeolite as well as the replacement sites are different, thus forming different ratios of copper species. For instance, the presence of Z2Cu sites, which can adsorb more NH 3 molecules than ZCuOH sites as indicated by the in situ DRIFTS results, and the presence of Cu + with stronger redox properties compared to Cu 2+ , can be influenced by these structural characteristics. Additionally, soot particles have the ability to act as adsorption sites for the NH 3 −SCR reaction.

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“…The results from Liu et al 35 presented the combustion durations of RP-3 and diesel show small differences of less than 0.4°CA under heavy loads, and the combustion duration of RP-3 is shorter than that of diesel under low loads. Zhao et al 36 compared the combustion and emissions of RP-3 and diesel in a single-cylinder diesel engine. As a result, RP-3 features an earlier CA50 than diesel, and the NOx emissions of RP-3 are higher while its soot emissions are lower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study on the spray and combustion characteristics between diesel and kerosene underlow-temperature combustion (LTC)mode conditions

Cui

Fan

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Kerosene, an intermediate component of wide distillation fuel, has drawn increasing attention for low-temperature combustion mode due to its compromise of evaporation and ignition characteristics between diesel and gasoline. This study focuses on the comparison of spray and combustion characteristics between diesel and kerosene under low-temperature combustion mode conditions based on visualization tests in a constant volume chamber. Different injection pressures, ambient temperatures, and oxygen concentrations were tested at a constant ambient density of 16.67 kg/m3. The image processing results reveal that the liquid penetration distance of kerosene shows a maximum reduction of 33.5% compared to diesel with a smaller cone angle and spray area at 160 MPa and 800 K. At the same time, the ignition delay of kerosene is 0.9 ms longer than that of diesel, and the injection and combustion processes of kerosene are separated, making it much more similar to the premixed combustion. An increase in injection pressure improves the spray penetration distance but exerts little influence on the flame lift-off length and ignition delay for both fuels. Kerosene presents a lower spatially integrating natural luminosity, especially at low injection pressure. The liquid spray penetration distance and the ignition delay of kerosene are more sensitive to the increase in ambient temperature. However, the higher ambient temperature presents a greater effect on the SINL of diesel. With the decrease of ambient oxygen concentration, the ignition delay, flame lift-off length, spatially integrating natural luminosity, and soot oxidation rate of both fuels decrease obviously. Especially at 15 vol.% ambient oxygen, kerosene presents a much weaker luminosity. These results imply that kerosene exhibits a very similar trend to diesel in terms of spray and combustion characteristics. Moreover, kerosene has a stronger potential to reduce soot formation than diesel with a better fuel-air mixing process under low-temperature combustion mode conditions.

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Combustion and emissions of RP-3 jet fuel and diesel fuel in a single-cylinder diesel engine

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

A numerical study of piston bowl geometry and diesel injection timing in a heavy-duty diesel/syngas RCCI engine

A numerical study of piston bowl geometry and diesel injection timing in a heavy-duty diesel/syngas RCCI engine

Effects of the Topological Structure of Different Cu-Zeolites on the Relationship between Soot and NO_x Removal on NH₃–SCRF

Comparative study on the spray and combustion characteristics between diesel and kerosene underlow-temperature combustion (LTC)mode conditions

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Combustion and emissions of RP-3 jet fuel and diesel fuel in a single-cylinder diesel engine

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

A numerical study of piston bowl geometry and diesel injection timing in a heavy-duty diesel/syngas RCCI engine

A numerical study of piston bowl geometry and diesel injection timing in a heavy-duty diesel/syngas RCCI engine

Effects of the Topological Structure of Different Cu-Zeolites on the Relationship between Soot and NOx Removal on NH3–SCRF

Comparative study on the spray and combustion characteristics between diesel and kerosene underlow-temperature combustion (LTC)mode conditions

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Effects of the Topological Structure of Different Cu-Zeolites on the Relationship between Soot and NO_x Removal on NH₃–SCRF