Combustion enhancement of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene by doping multiwall carbon nanotubes

Chen, Suhang; Tang, Yu; Yu, Hongqiang; Guan, Xinyan; DeLuca, Luigi T.; Zhang, Wei; Shen, Ruiqi; Ye, Yinghua

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.063

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The 2D-radial hybrid combustion burner ( Figure 1) was previously described [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and is based on the original design by SPLab [33,34]. Gaseous nitrogen is used to stabilize the chamber pressure during combustion and terminate the HTPB-O 2 reaction after turning off oxygen, while compressed air is used to save nitrogen before combustion and cool off the chamber after combustion.…”

Section: Combustion Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high-speed photographs are processed as ∆D(t) vs. t, G ox (t) vs. t,ṙ(t) vs. t, andṙ(t) vs. G ox (t), as discussed in detail in References [31,33,34]. ∆D(t) evolution is the diameter variation of the inner burning surface of the regressing fuel grain at time t, G ox (t) is the oxygen mass flux (mass flow rate per unit area, kg/(m 2 •s)) at time t, andṙ(t) is the regression rate of the solid fuel at time t. The resulting functionṙ(t) vs. G ox (t) is used to evaluate the combustion characteristics of the fuel under study.…”

Section: Combustion Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compositions of the tested polymer particles/HTPB composite fuels are tabulated in Table 2. The preparation process of HTPB-based fuels was described in our previous studies [31] and is shown in Figure 2. The cured HTPB was prepared at a ratio NCO: OH of 1.05.…”

Section: Low-energy Polymer Particles/htpb Fuel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since MWCNT tend to cluster into microscale aggregates, a uniform and stable dispersion was obtained [31] by dispersing 20-40 nm OD of MWCNT and a surfactant in an HTPB-toluene solution through high-energy ball milling, followed by toluene evaporation and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) cross-linked solidification. By adding MWCNT from 0% to 3% in mass, the viscosity of the uncured fluid MWCNT/HTPB composites is increased up to 964% at 120 • C; likewise, thermal conductivity and density increase while the heat of combustion decreases.…”

Section: High Thermal Conductivity Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this framework, a series of innovative techniques is currently under investigation at Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NUST) in order to overcome the solid fuel deficiencies so far experienced. Shen et al [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] verified new concepts such as:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Methods to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Fuels for Hybrid Rocket Propulsion

et al. 2019

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The low regression rates for hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based solid fuels and poor mechanical properties for the alternative paraffin-based liquefying fuels make today hybrid rocket engines far from the outstanding accomplishments of solid motors and liquid engines. In this paper, a survey is conducted of several innovative methods under test to improve solid fuel properties, which include self-disintegration fuel structure (SDFS)/paraffin fuels, paraffin fuels with better mechanical properties, high thermal conductivity fuels and porous layer combustion fuels. In particular, concerning HTPB, new results about diverse insert and low-energy polymer particles enhancing the combustion properties of HTPB are presented. Compared to pure HTPB, regression rate can be increased up to 21% by adding particles of polymers such as 5% polyethylene or 10% oleamide. Concerning paraffin, new results about self-disintegrating composite fuels incorporating Magnesium particles (MgP) point out that 15% 1 μm- or 100 μm-MgP formulations increase regression rates by 163.2% or 82.1% respectively, at 335 kg/m2·s oxygen flux, compared to pure paraffin. Overall, composite solid fuels featuring self-disintegration structure appear the most promising innovative technique, since they allow separating the matrix regression from the combustion of the filler grains. Yet, the investigated methods are at their initial stage. Substantial work of refinement in this paper is for producing solid fuels to fulfill the needs of hybrid rocket propulsion.

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Section: Combustion Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combustion Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Low-energy Polymer Particles/htpb Fuel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: High Thermal Conductivity Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Methods to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Fuels for Hybrid Rocket Propulsion

et al. 2019

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Facile incorporation of optical sensitizers into nitrocellulose aerogels for improved laser ignition and combustion

Yan,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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Evaluation of Regression Rate Enhancing Concepts and Techniques for Hybrid Rocket Engines

Glaser

Hijlkema

Anthoine

2022

Aerotec. Missili Spaz.

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The low regression rate of Hybrid Rocket Engines (HREs) is one prominent characteristic that is addressed in most abstracts concerning hybrid propulsion. Over the years, researchers developed and investigated numerous ways to tackle the low regression rate problem of HREs. This article is a collection and assessment of these diverse methods and designs. It allows for a quick overview of the different mechanisms that are being employed and can serve both as information and inspiration. The enhancement ideas are grouped together as (a) adjustments to the solid fuel chemical properties, (b) advanced injection methods and concepts and (c) improving the combustion chamber design. These different techniques are discussed and their individual impact on the regression rate is assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. All methods that are presented come with a different set of advantages and disadvantages, making the regression rate enhancement a trade-off problem. In our view, the most promising designs and methods are those that only call for minor adjustments to the HRE design, as they can be also added to already existing engines. Above all, it is to be said that regression rate enhancing techniques that change the unique features of HREs (namely safety, simplicity and low cost) are to be employed with caution. Only if the achievable regression rate increase is justifying the implications for the HRE in the envisioned use-case, these concepts represent promising alternatives to the status quo.

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Combustion enhancement of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene by doping multiwall carbon nanotubes

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

Innovative Methods to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Fuels for Hybrid Rocket Propulsion

Innovative Methods to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Fuels for Hybrid Rocket Propulsion

Facile incorporation of optical sensitizers into nitrocellulose aerogels for improved laser ignition and combustion

Evaluation of Regression Rate Enhancing Concepts and Techniques for Hybrid Rocket Engines

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