Combustion of Biomass as a Global Carbon Sink

Ball, Rowena

doi:10.2174/1874396x00802010106

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The rest of the biomass is released during pyrolysis as gas and oil that can be captured for use as an energy source [130], further reducing emissions [128]. Carbon sequestration with biochar points to the possibility of sequestering carbon by biasing biomass pyrolysis practices to yield high proportions of refractory BC char residues from the majority of the initial carbon burnt [131]. Essentially, a small decrease in combustion efficiency may increase the yield of biochar, providing greenhouse gas offsets and carbon sequestration.…”

Section: Sequestration Of Carbon and Nutrients In The Pedospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Black Carbon’s Properties and Role in the Environment: A Comprehensive Review

2010

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Produced from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuel in the absence of oxygen, black carbon (BC) is the collective term for a range of carbonaceous substances encompassing partly charred plant residues to highly graphitized soot. Depending on its form, condition of origin and storage (from the atmosphere to the geosphere), and surrounding environmental conditions, BC can influence the environment at local, regional and global scales in different ways. In this paper, we review and synthesize recent findings and discussions on the nature of these different forms of BC and their impacts, particularly in relation to pollution and climate change. We start by describing the different types of BCs and their mechanisms of formation. To elucidate their pollutant sorption properties, we present some models involving polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organic carbon. Subsequently, we discuss the stability of BC in the environment, summarizing the results of studies that showed a lack of chemical degradation of BC in soil and those that exposed BC to severe oxidative reactions to degrade it. After a brief overview of BC extraction and measurement methods and BC use for source attribution studies, we reflect upon its significance in the environment, first by going over a theory that it could represent parts of what is called the ‘missing sink’ of carbon in global carbon cycle models. Elaborating upon the relationship of BC with polycyclic hydrocarbons, we show its significance for the sorption and transport of pollutants. A description of pulmonary-respiratory health effects of soot BC inhalation is followed by a discussion on its impact on climate and climate change. We explain how soot BC acts as a global warming agent through light (and heat) absorption and how it reduces the snow’s albedo and promotes its uncharacteristic thawing. On a more positive note, we conclude this review by illustrating recent observations and simulations of how pyrolytic processes can stabilize plant carbon stocks in the form of biochar BC that can sequester carbon and can help mitigate climate change, in addition to improving soil fertility

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Section: Sequestration Of Carbon and Nutrients In The Pedospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Black Carbon’s Properties and Role in the Environment: A Comprehensive Review

2010

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“…The compositional range of metal and oxide nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix seems to be consistent with CH 4 of volcanic origin. In contrasts, type 1 and 2 compounds would form from atmospheric CO 2 or from recent black carbon of biomass firing origin that is known to be a potential carbon sink in the atmosphere [15]. This suggests that the precursor carbon of the HPPD nanosolids would rather originate from erratic pools of solid phases that could have been stored for long time period at high altitude [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Carbonaceous Debris Tracing Atmospheric Hypervelocity-Shock Aeroplasma Processes

Courty

Martinez

2015

Procedia Engineering

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International audienceAtmospheric hypervelocity impacts are widely viewed to produce the meteoric smoke layer by the shock-less interactions of the impinging air molecules with the vaporized meteoroid. In contrast here, we intend to show how gas and solid aerosols when captured in the Mach cone of a bolide while entering the Earth atmosphere are transformed into a new range of polymeric nanomaterials. Carbonaceous materials from natural situations are studied from collect in a pilot region of Southern France in the following days of a high altitude meteor atmospheric airburst on 2011 August 2 nd and since the 2013 February 15 th Chelyabinsk meteoritic event in Ural. These materials are compared to the ones obtained by hypervelocity shock with the CEA Persephone light-gas gun. A numerical simulation with the Tycho software is performed to model the evolution of the increase of density directly in the rear front of the shockwave with the increase of velocity around an obstacle for high velocity inflow. The multidisciplinary approach reveals the production carbon-based nanosolids from terrestrial precursors by hypervelocity plasma particle deposition (HPPD) processes. The Tycho simulation helps to establish the lack of mixing between the ablation smoke and the surrounding atmosphere. The correlation between the simulation, the hypervelocity experiments and the natural situations shows the distinctive characteristics of visco-elastic filamentary nanosolids formed in the laminar domain of low pressure, the ones of nanoparticle-rich stiff film specific to the thin domain of high shear stress and the ones of dense glassy carbon with nanocarbon crystallites (graphite and graphene-like) only formed in the frontal high temperature and pressure domain. Data on the natural carbon-based nanosolids indicate that the atmospheric shock-dissociation occurred from a carbon pool dominated by dead atmospheric carbon. Diagnostic keys are provided to distinguish natural carbon-based nanosolids synthesized by HPPD just at the time of the hypervelocity atmospheric entry from their subsequent transformations during atmospheric transport by other aeroplasma processes

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“…Co-firing offers the possibility to produce energy from coal that is ''light green'' [10]. Combustion of biomass as a global carbon sink is highlighted in [11], discussing the important role of black carbon produced from biomass burning in the global carbon cycle. Emissions of carbon dioxide from biomass in relation to heat release are in the same range as for lignite [4].…”

Section: Biomass-coal Co-firing: Motivation Benefits Problems and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Approaches to Predict Biomass Co-firing with Pulverized Coal

Belošević¹

2010

TOTHERJ

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The main motivation for co-firing coal with biomass is carbon dioxide emission reduction, while it can also lead to sulfur oxide reduction and suppress formation of nitric oxide from fuel nitrogen. Due to the fact that the coal is mainly used for power generation in its pulverized form, the emphasis in co-firing technologies is often given to co-combustion of pulverized biomass and coal. This facilitates the modeling approach to biomass combustion, since it may be considered in a way similar to the coal dust modeling. On the other hand, when compared to the pulverized coal, there are also significant differences. The differences correspond to the biomass composition depending on its origin, to mostly larger particle size, as well as to an irregular shape of biomass particles. The paper presents a review of modeling approaches and discusses recent progress in prediction of processes during biomass co-firing with pulverized coal. The main aim of the review is to facilitate the selection of submodels and methods to those dealing with the problems of modeling and simulation of practical biomass-coal co-firing systems. Future needs, goals and challenges in the field are presented as well.

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Combustion of Biomass as a Global Carbon Sink

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Black Carbon’s Properties and Role in the Environment: A Comprehensive Review

Black Carbon’s Properties and Role in the Environment: A Comprehensive Review

Terrestrial Carbonaceous Debris Tracing Atmospheric Hypervelocity-Shock Aeroplasma Processes

Modeling Approaches to Predict Biomass Co-firing with Pulverized Coal

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