Combustion of gasolines in premixed laminar flames European certified and California phase 2 reformulated gasoline

Håkansson, Åsa; Strömberg, Katarina; Pedersen, Jörgen R.; Olsson, Jim O.

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00481-1

Cited by 24 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The extended mechanism (Utah Surrogate Mechanism) was previously used to model premixed flames of n-heptane [21] (P = 760 torr, U = 1.0 and 1.9), isooctane [3] (P = 760 torr, U = 1.9), n-decane [21] (P = 760 torr, U = 1.7), cyclohexane [22] (P = 30 torr, U = 1.0), and a PSR experiment of n-hexadecane [21] (P = 760 torr, U = 1.5). In the current study, the extended mechanism is used to model three premixed flames burning composite fuels of kerosene [1] (P = 760 torr, U = 1.7), gasoline [2] (P = 760 torr, U = 1.0) and natural gas [4] (P = 40 torr, U = 1.0). The kinetic simulation tool used for this study is CHEMKIN IV [23].…”

Section: Experimental Data Reaction Model and Surrogate Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid transportation fuels are mixtures of paraffins (normal-, iso-, and cyclo-), and aromatics. Previous combustion studies of surrogate formulations for transportation fuels include a fuel-rich premixed flame of kerosene composed of 79% paraffins, 10% cyclo-paraffins, and 11% aromatics studied by Vovelle and co-workers [1]; premixed flames of two gasoline fuels approximately 60% of which were paraffins by Hakansson and coworkers [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Criteria for selection of components for surrogates of natural gas and transportation fuels

Zhang

Eddings

Sarofim

2007

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Section: Experimental Data Reaction Model and Surrogate Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for selection of components for surrogates of natural gas and transportation fuels

Zhang

Eddings

Sarofim

2007

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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“…The flame was one-dimensional and stable, which was convenient for the analysis of the temperature and transformation of species. This kind of online mass spectrum is considered to be an effective method for evaluating hydrocarbon fuels because the fuel consumption is low and the substances to be tested will have no impact on each other [3]. Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the experimental station.…”

Section: Experimental Equipment and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 7 shows that there are small amounts of formaldehyde and aldehyde in gasoline, and as the reaction takes place, the content of these two substances decreases gradually. It is generally agreed that formaldehyde is oxidized by octane or isooctane [3]. As an intermediate and unstable product Figure 8 shows the ion intensity profiles of benzene, toluene and xylene in the flame.…”

Section: Spatial Profilesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It can, therefore, be considered as a gasoline combustion product. Some researchers regard 1,3-butadiene as the product of cydohexane and 1-hexene [3], but these two substances were not discovered in gasoline flame. Instead, other substances were found whose mass-to-charge ratio is 84 corresponding to methyl-cyclopentane and 2-methyl-2-pentene via measuring the PIE profiles.…”

Section: Spatial Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying combustion intermediates in premixed MTBE/gasoline/oxygen flame probed via synchrotron radiation

Yao

Wang

et al. 2007

Front. Energy Power Eng. China

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America have forbidden the use of MTBE as gasoline additive. Therefore, it is imperative that an environmental friendly fuel or additive be found. To develop a green antiknock agent, the mechanism of MTBE in gasoline must be understood theoretically as the reference to search for new additives.As is known, gasoline itself contains more than 200 kinds of hydrocarbon molecules such as alkane, arene, alkene, etc.[1]. The characteristics and proportion of each kind of hydrocarbon composition influence the properties and combustion performance of gasoline. After adding MTBE, the coupling effect of MTBE and other hydrocarbon composition in gasoline will have an impact on the dynamic and economic performance of fuel. To understand the transformation of MTBE and gasoline in flames as well as the effect on combustion, the interaction between molecules should be studied microscopically from the combustion kinetics' point of view. At present, the measurement methods of molecule concentration and other parameters in combustion kinetics are in situ optical spectroscopic probes and the extractive sampling method. Because the former cannot quantitatively measure large molecules such as polyatomic molecules, large free radicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, it has some limitations in the research of the reaction mechanism in the flames of fuel that is composed of a polycomponent and other more complex com positions while burning. The capillary extractive sampling method, which is one of the extractive sampling methods, cannot guarantee the accuracy, because active substances in the reaction will vary with the change of the environment. Therefore, it cannot really probe into the mechanism of gasoline combustion. Fortunately, the tunable synchrotron radiation photoionization technique combined with molecular-beam sampling mass spectrometry provides a powerful tool with obvious advantages for studies of combustion [2]. It can effectively cool molecules and free radicals in flame by using molecular-beam sampling because molecules have no impact on each other after being extracted. In this way, the formation and transformation regulation of active substances Abstract Molecular-beam sampling mass spectrometry (MBMS) combined with tunable synchrotron radiation photoionization technique offers obvious advantages for the study of flame chemistry over other techniques because of the precision measurement of the combustion intermediates and products in flame. In this paper, the results to identify combustion intermediates in low-pressure premixed gasoline/ oxygen flame with the synchrotron radiation were reported. Based on the results obtained, the formation process of five products and the difference between gasoline/oxygen and MTBE/gasoline/oxygen flame were emphatically analyzed. The results achieved provide data basis for the analysis of intermediates and radicals in flame, and are helpful to establish the kinetic modeling of gasoline/oxygen and MTBE/ gasoline/oxygen flames.

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Carbonaceous species emitted from handheld two-stroke engines

Volckens

Olson

Hays

2008

Atmospheric Environment

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Combustion of gasolines in premixed laminar flames European certified and California phase 2 reformulated gasoline

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Criteria for selection of components for surrogates of natural gas and transportation fuels

Criteria for selection of components for surrogates of natural gas and transportation fuels

Identifying combustion intermediates in premixed MTBE/gasoline/oxygen flame probed via synchrotron radiation

Carbonaceous species emitted from handheld two-stroke engines

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