Combustion of preheated raw animal fats-diesel fuel blends at diesel engine

Cernat, Alexandru; Pană, Constantin; Negurescu, Niculae; Lăzăroiu, Gheorghe; Nuţu, Cristian; Fuiorescu, Dinu; Toma, Marius; Nicolici, Adrian

doi:10.1007/s10973-019-08972-5

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Due to their high content of saturated fatty acids (near 40% SFA), ruminant and pig fats are predominantly solid while those from chicken fat (nearly 30-33% of saturated fatty acids) are almost liquid or in semi-solid form [33]. Therefore, it must be taken into account that raw animal fats are mostly in a solid state at ambient temperature and therefore, preheating at 45 • C is required for their use as fuel for diesel engine [14]. Further, such high content in saturated fatty acids generally results in more stable biodiesel with high cetane numbers (more than 50 for lard and tallow).…”

Section: Animal Fats As Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high number is associated with better ignition quality [47]. The cetane number of biodiesels produced from animal fats is >50 and higher than that produced from vegetable oils due to their content of saturated fats (higher than 40%) and lower content of carbon and higher content of oxygen in comparison to conventional diesel [14]. The acid value is associated with the content in free fatty acids which, at high concentrations, can cause corrosion of the fuel supply system of the engine [66].…”

Section: Quality Of Biodiesel Produced From Animal Fat Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The International Energy Agency reported that bioenergy must increase up to 25% until 2025 and continue to grow, and is estimated to reach 30% of the world's road transport fuel mix by 2050 [13,14]. Biodiesel is mostly produced from vegetable oils and animal fats and has been the object of research and development in recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in Biodiesel Production from Animal Fat Waste

2020

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The agro-food industry generates large amounts of waste that contribute to environmental contamination. Animal fat waste constitutes some of the most relevant waste and the treatment of such waste is quite costly because environmental regulations are quite strict. Part of such costs might be reduced through the generation of bioenergy. Biodiesel constitutes a valid renewable source of energy because it is biodegradable, non-toxic and has a good combustion emission profile and can be blended up to 20% with fossil diesel for its use in many countries. Furthermore, up to 70% of the total cost of biodiesel majorly depends on the cost of the raw materials used, which can be reduced using animal fat waste because they are cheaper than vegetable oil waste. In fact, 6% of total feedstock corresponded to animal fat in 2019. Transesterification with alkaline catalysis is still preferred at industrial plants producing biodiesel. Recent developments in heterogeneous catalysts that can be easily recovered, regenerated and reused, as well as immobilized lipases with increased stability and resistance to alcohol denaturation, are promising for future industrial use. This manuscript reviews the available processes and recent advances for biodiesel generation from animal fat waste.

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Section: Animal Fats As Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Of Biodiesel Produced From Animal Fat Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in Biodiesel Production from Animal Fat Waste

2020

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“…Compression volume: Figure 5 shows the dimensions of the in-cylinder and combustion chamber volume of the currently realized cylinder head configuration. The total end of compression volume amounts to 155,600 mm 3 , which results in a compression ratio of 13.8.…”

Section: Design Of the Flex-oecosmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Flex-OeCoS—a Novel Optically Accessible Test Rig for the Investigation of Advanced Combustion Processes under Engine-Like Conditions

et al. 2020

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A new test rig has been designed, built and commissioned, and is now jointly pursued to facilitate experimental investigations into advanced combustion processes (i.e., dual fuel, multi-mode) under turbulent conditions at high, engine-like temperature and pressure levels. Based on a standard diesel engine block, it offers much improved optical access to the in-cylinder processes due to its separated and rotated arrangement of the compression volume and combustion chamber, respectively. A fully variable pneumatic valve train and the appropriate preconditioning of the intake air allows it to represent a wide range of engine-like in-cylinder conditions regarding pressures, temperatures and turbulence levels. The modular design of the test rig facilitates easy optimizations of the combustion chamber/cylinder head design regarding different experimental requirements. The name of the new test rig, Flex-OeCoS, denotes its Flexibility regarding Optical engine Combustion diagnostics and/or the development of corresponding Sensing devices and applications. Measurements regarding in-cylinder gas pressures, temperatures and the flow field under typical operating conditions are presented to complete the description and assessment of the new test rig.

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“…In addition, researchers have found several adverse effects in studies of diesel-biodiesel fuel blends [24], such as relatively low cloud and pour points, poor atomization of fuel injection, relatively low calorific value and generally high NOx emissions [25,26]. Thus, the researchers have tried newer approaches to improve engine performance and reduce exhaust emissions, such as the addition of fuel additives and pretreatment blends [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Nano-Additives Added to Diesel-Biodiesel Fuel Blends on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine: A Review

Wang

Meng

2022

Energies

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How to improve the combustion efficiency and reduce harmful emissions has been a hot research topic in the engine field and related disciplines. Researchers have found that nano-additives to diesel-biodiesel fuel blends have achieved significant results. Many research results and both current and previous studies on nanoparticles have shown that nano-additives play an essential role in improving the performance of internal combustion engines and reducing the emission of harmful substances. This paper summarizes the recent research progress of nanoparticles as additives for diesel-biodiesel fuel blends. Firstly, the excellent properties of nanoparticles are described in detail, and the preparation methods are summarized and discussed. Secondly, the effects of several commonly used nanoparticles as diesel-biodiesel fuel blends on combustion performance and harmful substances emissions in terms of combustion thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, CO, UHC and NOx, are reviewed. Finally, the effects of nano-additives on internal combustion engines, the environment and human health are discussed. The work carried out in this paper can effectively contribute to the application of nanomaterials in the fuel field. Based on our work, the researchers can efficiently select suitable nano-additives that enable internal combustion engines to achieve efficient combustion and low-emission characteristics.

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Combustion of preheated raw animal fats-diesel fuel blends at diesel engine

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Trends in Biodiesel Production from Animal Fat Waste

Trends in Biodiesel Production from Animal Fat Waste

The Flex-OeCoS—a Novel Optically Accessible Test Rig for the Investigation of Advanced Combustion Processes under Engine-Like Conditions

The Effects of Nano-Additives Added to Diesel-Biodiesel Fuel Blends on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine: A Review

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