Comfort from suicidal cognition in recurrently depressed patients

Crane, Catherine; Barnhofer, Thorsten; Duggan, Danielle S.; Eames, Catrin; Hepburn, Silvia R.; Shah, Dhruvi M.; Williams, J. Mark G.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.11.006

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our findings were consistent with the literature connecting positive responses to MI with STBs (Crane et al., , ). This is consistent with escape‐based models of suicide, in general, and the positive feedback model of suicide (Katz et al., ; Yaseen et al., ), in particular.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, even nonsuicide ideation was associated with SI with intent. These findings are consistent with Crane and colleagues’ (Crane et al., , ). The very high prevalence and clinical significance of MI suggest that much more attention should be paid to the phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The only studies on this topic to date have been those of Crane et al. () and Crane, Shah, Barnhofer, and Holmes (). They explored suicidal cognitions by gathering descriptive data on morbid mental imagery, and associated meanings and affective responses—specifically comfort and distress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide Risk and Emotional Responses to Thoughts of Death: The Response to Morbid Ideations Questionnaire

Yaseen

Molina

Hawes

et al. 2018

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Background There is need for deeper understanding of the processes by which suicidal thoughts lead to action. Examination of morbid ideation and the emotional sequelae of such ideation that may feed suicide ideation (SI) and attempts (SA) have been limited. Method Adult psychiatric outpatients (N = 385) were administered the Response to Morbid Ideation Questionnaire (RMI‐Q) and measures of SI, suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB), and other psychiatric symptom severity. We examined (1) incidence and prevalence in mentation of morbid ideations and emotional responses to these ideations, (2) differences in emotional responses between individuals of varying levels of suicide history, and (3) the relationships of different types of morbid ideations and emotional responses with concurrent SI and symptom severity. Results Morbid ideation was reported by 87.5% of participants and associated with lifetime and concurrent levels of SI/STB. Calm/relieved emotional responses were associated with lifetime and concurrent levels of SI/STB, while negative‐valence responses to morbid ideations were associated with concurrent severity of psychopathology. Conclusions Our results suggest that the role of morbid ideation and its emotional sequelae in the development of suicidal motivation and action deserves further attention and may be a treatment target for suicide risk reduction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Suicide Risk and Emotional Responses to Thoughts of Death: The Response to Morbid Ideations Questionnaire

Yaseen

Molina

Hawes

et al. 2018

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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“…For example, using the Multi-Attitude Suicide Tendency scale (e.g., Ferrara, Terrinoni, & Williams, 2012;Muehlenkamp & Gutierrez, 2004;Orbach et al, 1991;Osman et al, 2000); by examining the comfort some individuals derive from suicidal ideation (Crane et al, 2014); and by comparing the desirability of life versus death (Brown, Steer, Henriques, & Beck, 2005;Kovacs & Beck, 1977). The current study therefore seeks to fill this gap in the literature by examining the validity of implicit evaluations of death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individuals with current suicidal ideation demonstrate implicit “fearlessness of death”

Hussey

Barnes‐Holmes

Booth

2016

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Background and ObjectivesSuicidal behaviour has proved to be difficult to predict, due in part to the particular limitations of introspection within suicidality. In an effort to overcome this, recent research has demonstrated the utility of indirect measures of "implicit" attitudes within the study of suicidality. However, research to date has focused predominantly on implicit self-evaluations and self-death associations. No work has examined implicit evaluations of death, despite the theoretical importance of such evaluations; "fearlessness of death" is central to both the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide and the Integrated Motivational-Volitional model of suicide. MethodsTwenty-three psychiatric patients with current suicidal ideation and twenty-five normative university students completed two versions of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) that targeted evaluations of death. One task specified personal death (i.e., was self-focused) and the other targeted death in the abstract. ResultsSelf-focused evaluations of death reliably distinguished between the two groups, correctly classifying 74% of cases, but evaluations of death in the abstract did not. The suicidal group produced specific biases indicating a rejection of the negativity of death. Results are consistent with the definition of suicidality as involving a self-focused wish to die. LimitationsFor ethical reason, suicidal behaviours were not assessed in the normative group. Groups were therefore not mutually exclusive. This may have decreased the specificity of the IRAP. IMPLICIT FEARLESSNESS OF DEATH ON THE IRAP 3 ConclusionsSuicidal ideation is associated with an implicit "fearlessness of death". The utility of implicit death-evaluations should therefore be considered alongside self-evaluations and selfdeath associations in the future.

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“…An increasing number of studies have shown that patients diagnosed with unipolar depression [5,7] or bipolar disorder [8,9] report repetitive intrusive suicide-related images and thoughts. These suicidal images may be both distressing and comforting [5,20], and can be seen as a last visualized escape to protect oneself against future adversity [21,22]. Examples include imagining oneself during or right after committing suicide (taking an overdose, jumping off a bridge), or visualizing the reaction of family members.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Intrusive Suicidal Imagery Using Eye Movements

Bentum¹,

Sijbrandij²,

Huibers³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Suicide and suicidal behavior are major public health concerns and affect 3-9% of the population worldwide. Despite growing evidence, there are still few effective interventions available to reduce suicide risk. In this article, we describe theoretical models of suicide ideation and behavior and propose to examine the possible effectiveness of a new and innovative preventive strategy. A model of suicidal intrusion (mental imagery related to suicide, also referred to as suicidal flash-forwards) is presented describing one of the assumed mechanisms in the etiology of suicide and the mechanism of therapeutic change. We provide a brief rationale for an Eye Movement Dual Task (EMDT) treatment for suicidal intrusions describing techniques that can be used to target these suicidal mental images and thoughts to reduce overall behavior. Based on the available empirical evidence for the mechanisms of suicidal intrusions, this approach appears to be a promising new treatment to prevent suicidal behavior as it potentially targets one of the linking pins between suicidal ideation and suicidal actions.

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Comfort from suicidal cognition in recurrently depressed patients

Cited by 39 publications

References 18 publications

Suicide Risk and Emotional Responses to Thoughts of Death: The Response to Morbid Ideations Questionnaire

Suicide Risk and Emotional Responses to Thoughts of Death: The Response to Morbid Ideations Questionnaire

Individuals with current suicidal ideation demonstrate implicit “fearlessness of death”

Treatment of Intrusive Suicidal Imagery Using Eye Movements

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