Coming to Terms with “Integrated Coastal Management”: Problems of Meaning and Method in a New Arena of Resource Regulation

Nichols, Karen

doi:10.1111/0033-0124.00174

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Using MPAs as an example, he argues that initiatives are often pursued because they are perceived to fit well with some pre-conceived, general ideas of what constitutes good governance, but that their inappropriate implementation may lead to resistance and failure. Nichols (1999) argued that this was indeed the case with collaborative MPAs funded by development organisations in Indonesia which subverted traditional resource management systems and promoted market-economics driven exploitation by external interests.…”

Section: The Risks Of Impositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building partnership capacity for the collaborative management of marine protected areas in the UK: A preliminary analysis

Jones

Burgess

2005

Journal of Environmental Management

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This paper reports the findings of a preliminary analysis of fifteen case studies of inshore marine protected areas in the UK. It draws on the common-pool resource (CPR) literature and is premised on the thesis that building partnership capacity amongst relevant authorities and resource users provides a critical basis for overcoming collective action problems (CAPs), through the development of incentive structures and social capital, in order to achieve strategic objectives. Particular attention is paid to the influence of statutory marine biodiversity conservation obligations to the European Commission for marine special areas of conservation (MSACs), as these are an important external contextual factor. The risks of imposition and parochialism are outlined and the challenges of taking a balanced approach are discussed. The challenges posed by the attributes of the marine environment are considered, as are those posed by the policy framework for MSACs. The findings are discussed in relation to three questions: (i) which partnership models appear to have the potential to overcome the CAPs posed by inshore MSACs? (ii) what CAPs had to be addressed during the early phase of development of the MSAC co-management regimes? (iii) what are the likely future CAPs for the collaborative management of MSACs that each partnership will need to address? These preliminary findings will form the basis for future studies to analyse the outcomes of these fifteen initiatives, in order to assess the strengths, in various contexts, of different approaches for building resilient and balanced, thereby effective, institutions for the co-management of MSACs in the UK.

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Section: The Risks Of Impositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building partnership capacity for the collaborative management of marine protected areas in the UK: A preliminary analysis

Jones

Burgess

2005

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…through alliances with supportive leaders [12]. If this means avoiding a collective localised critique of the assumptions of the ICM regime, then there is a risk that such endeavours may further deepen the dominating role of international development banks, foreign aid agencies, and NGOs in promoting the worldview embedded in the ICM regime which frames development from specific neo-liberal premises [83,67]. It also risks playing into the hands of local elites whose priorities often are contrary to that of the intended beneficiaries of ICM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the assumptions of integrated coastal management: Stakeholder agendas and elite cooption in Babuyan Islands, Philippines

Larsen

Acebes

Belen³

2011

Ocean & Coastal Management

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In the Philippines, Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) represents the dominant response to narratives of ecosystem decline. However, there are persistent challenges to implementation, manifested in continued resource degradation, questioning of the exercise of stakeholder involvement and rising resource conflicts. This paper examines the implementation process and how the assumptions embodied in the ICM regime meet the local reality in one group of islands in the Philippine archipelago. The evidence shows how the transformation towards a supposed equilibrium state of coastal ecosystems is undermined in the face of diverging stakeholder agendas. Expected actors are disempowered by the incoherence between the policy owners' worldview and reality, paving the way for unethical influence from elite alliances. This is coupled with a deepening of the dominance of state, international development banks, foreign aid agencies, and NGOs in promoting their respective interests. In localities such as the Babuyan Islands, when assumptions of ICM collapse it has destructive consequences for fisherfolk and the coastal environment. We conclude that if ICM is to foster an effective and equitable correction of current unsustainable exploitation patterns, then there is a need to institute improved accountability mechanisms in the devolved governance system as well as taking seriously the espoused commitment to stakeholder involvement in determining the goals and assumptions of ICM.Key words: Coastal management, policy, Philippines, ecosystem, devolution, stakeholder. Philippines Integrated Coastal Management (ICM)The national response in the Philippines to narratives of coastal ecosystem decline and degradation has been the institutionalisation of the Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) paradigm [1,2]. Building on former coastal resource management (CRM) programs, ICM aims to reverse ecological degradation through rehabilitation, reforestation and restocking in coastal zones. The ICM policy regime espouses a procedural shift towards increased stakeholder participation and balanced employment of coercive and non-coercive policy instruments [3,4,5]. This ambition mirrors the global trend in environmental governance and management towards exploring a more diverse set of policy instruments, comprising mixtures of regulation, voluntary measures and economic instruments [e.g. 6]. The 2006 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, in the chapter on marine and coastal ecosystems, recommends both ICM and stakeholder participation in decision making as one of the response options for policy makers to current resource degradation [7].The establishment and promotion of the ICM regime and co-management is located in a regional South East Asian government trend towards decentralisation and devolution in resource management. The Philippine Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 (Republic Act 7160) is featured as the most ambitious and complex system of law and programme of devolution of government authority in the country [3]. It devolves management...

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“…This assumption is reasonable for short-term projections because the state of beaches and, to a lesser extent, the availability of archaeological sites are sufficient to attract tourists even if coral reefs are less appealing for SCUBA divers and snorkelers because of low coral cover (Torres 2002). In the longer term, poor water quality may affect the state of beaches and so result in a decline in the tourism industry (Nichols 1999). However, this longer-term feedback is difficult to model because of a lack of information regarding pollutant levels that result in degraded beaches and the magnitude of declines in tourist numbers precipitated by such degradation.…”

Section: Defining Information Flows and Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Biophysical and Socioeconomic Models for Coral Reef Systems in Quintana Roo, Mexican Caribbean

Melbourne‐Thomas¹,

Johnson²,

Perez³

et al. 2011

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Transdisciplinary approaches that consider both socioeconomic and biophysical processes are central to understanding and managing rapid change in coral reef systems worldwide. To date, there have been limited attempts to couple the two sets of processes in dynamic models for coral reefs, and these attempts are confined to reef systems in developed countries. We present an approach to coupling existing biophysical and socioeconomic models for coral reef systems in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. The biophysical model is multiscale, using dynamic equations to capture local-scale ecological processes on individual reefs, with reefs connected at regional scales by the ocean transport of larval propagules. The agent-based socioeconomic model simulates changes in tourism, fisheries, and urbanization in the Quintana Roo region. Despite differences in the formulation and currencies of the two models, we were able to successfully modify and integrate them to synchronize and define information flows and feedbacks between them. A preliminary evaluation of the coupled model system indicates that the model gives reasonable predictions for fisheries and ecological variables and can be used to examine scenarios for future socialecological change in Quintana Roo. We provide recommendations for where efforts might usefully be focused in future attempts to integrate models of biophysical and socioeconomic processes, based on the limitations of our coupled system.

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Coming to Terms with “Integrated Coastal Management”: Problems of Meaning and Method in a New Arena of Resource Regulation

Cited by 50 publications

References 24 publications

Building partnership capacity for the collaborative management of marine protected areas in the UK: A preliminary analysis

Building partnership capacity for the collaborative management of marine protected areas in the UK: A preliminary analysis

Examining the assumptions of integrated coastal management: Stakeholder agendas and elite cooption in Babuyan Islands, Philippines

Coupling Biophysical and Socioeconomic Models for Coral Reef Systems in Quintana Roo, Mexican Caribbean

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