Commensal E. coli as an Important Reservoir of Resistance Encoding Genetic Elements

Mahmoudi-Aznaveh, Azam; Bakhshi, Bita; Peerayeh, Shahin Najar; Kazemnejad, Anoshirvan; Rafieepour, Zahra; Rahbar, Mohammad; Abbaspour, Shahla

doi:10.17795/ijep13516

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Antimicrobial drugs are commonly used in Uganda and other countries to prevent and treat diseases and as growth promoters in poultry proudction [ 8 ]. Equivocally, indiscriminate drug use exerts high antibiotic selection pressure on chicken gut coliforms which leads to emergence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli phenotypes [ 9 , 10 ] and shed in faeces [ 11 ]. The presence of resistant E. coli is a strong predictive indicator for emergence of resistance in other organisms (pathogenic and nonpathogenic) within gastrointestinal tract of the chicken [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Groups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli from Healthy Chicken in Eastern and Central Uganda

Kabiswa

Nanteza

Majalija

2018

Journal of Veterinary Medicine

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Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem in both humans and animals due to misuse and excessive use of drugs. Resistance in commensal E. coli isolates can be used to predict emergence of resistance in other gut microflora. The aim of this study is to determine the phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli from healthy chickens in Uganda. The phylogenetic grouping of 120 fecal E. coli isolates from eastern and central Uganda was derived using the triplex PCR assay and their susceptibility patterns determined by agar disc diffusion method to 5 antimicrobial drugs. Most E. coli is segregated into phylogenetic group A comprising 84%, while 12% and 4% were in groups D and B1, respectively. Similarly most E. coli from central (87%) and eastern Uganda (82%) belonged to group A. Overall, 85 (70%) of E. coli were resistant to antimicrobial drugs, of which 72/101 (70%) are in PG A, 10 of 14 (71.4%) in PG D, and 3 of 5 (60%) in PG B1. Significantly, most of the isolates in PG A from both central (66.7%) and (60.6%) eastern Uganda were resistant to one antimicrobial. Resistance to tetracycline alone or in combination with other drugs for central and eastern Uganda in PG A is 51% and 55%, respectively. Multidrug resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin or nalidixic acid was 10% and 18% in isolates from central and 10% and 12% in isolates from eastern region, respectively. Phylogenetic group A accounts for most of the E. coli in chicken from Uganda. No difference in the resistance rates between the phylogenetic groups of E. coli has been observed. The high prevalence of resistant E. coli strains from different phylogenetic groups in healthy chickens suggests antimicrobial drug selection pressure due to excessive drug in the rearing layer chickens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Groups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli from Healthy Chicken in Eastern and Central Uganda

Kabiswa

Nanteza

Majalija

2018

Journal of Veterinary Medicine

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“…Antibiotics resistance in bacteria is now a global public health concern, particularly the resistant property further aggravated due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics [ 37 ]. The relation of antibiotics resistance especially in APEC phylotypes has previously been discussed [ 31 , 38 ]. There are reports that resistant E. coli strains might enhance antimicrobial resistance in other organisms (pathogenic and nonpathogenic) within gastrointestinal tract of the chicken [ 3 , 39 ], and help in transmitting and disseminating drug-resistant strains, and genes between animal and human pathogens [ 3 , 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains and Association of Their Virulence Genes in Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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The avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains are the chief etiology of colibacillosis worldwide. The present study investigated the circulating phylotypes, existence of virulence genes (VGs), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 392 APEC isolates, obtained from 130 samples belonged to six farms using both phenotypic and PCR-based molecular approaches. Congo red binding (CRB) assay confirmed 174 APEC isolates which were segregated into ten, nine, and eight distinct genotypes by RAPD assay (discriminatory index, DI = 0.8707), BOX-PCR (DI = 0.8591) and ERIC-PCR (DI = 0.8371), respectively. The combination of three phylogenetic markers (chuA, yjaA and DNA fragment TspE4.C2) classified APEC isolates into B23 (37.36%), A1 (33.91%), D2 (11.49%), B22 (9.20%), and B1 (8.05%) phylotypes. Majority of the APEC isolates (75–100%) harbored VGs (ial, fimH, crl, papC, and cjrC). These VGs (papC and cjrC) and phylotypes (D2 and B2) of APEC had significant (p = 0.004) association with colibacillosis. Phylogenetic analysis showed two distinct clades (clade A and clade B) of APEC, where clade A had 98–100% similarity with E. coli APEC O78 and E. coli EHEC strains, and clade B had closest relationship with E. coli O169:H41 strain. Interestingly, phylogroups B2 and D2 were found in the APEC strains of both clades, while the strains from phylogroups A1 and B1 were found in clade A only. In this study, 81.71% of the isolates were biofilm formers, and possessed plasmids of varying ranges (1.0 to 54 kb). In vitro antibiogram profiling revealed that 100% isolates were resistant to ≥3 antibiotics, of which 61.96%, 55.24%, 53.85%, 51.16% and 45.58% isolates in phylotypes B1, D2, B22, B23, and A1, respectively, were resistant to these antimicrobials. The resistance patterns varied among different phylotypes, notably in phylotype B22, showing the highest resistance to ampicillin (90.91%), nalidixic acid (90.11%), tetracycline (83.72%), and nitrofurantoin (65.12%). Correspondence analysis also showed significant correlation among phylotypes with CRB (p = 0.008), biofilm formation (p = 0.02), drug resistance (p = 0.03), and VGs (p = 0.06). This report demonstrated that B2 and A1 phylotypes are dominantly circulating APEC phylotypes in Bangladesh; however, B2 and D2 are strongly associated with the pathogenicity. A high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant APEC strains from different phylotypes suggest the use of organic antimicrobial compounds, and/or metals, and the rotational use of antibiotics in poultry farms in Bangladesh.

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3D-QSAR, ADMET, and molecular docking studies of aztreonam analogs as E. colis inhibitors

Mitku,

Simegn,

Chanie

et al. 2024

SAGE Open Medicine

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Background: The development of multidrug resistant strains of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli has become a global problem; therefore, the discovery of new antibacterial agents is the only available solution. Objective: To improve and propose new compounds with antibacterial activity, the three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship and molecular docking studies were carried out on Aztreonam analogs as E. coli inhibitors in DNA gyrase B Method: This study’s 3D-Quantitative structure–activity relationship model was created using on the Comparative Molecular Field Analysis and the Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis. Using the Comparative Molecular Field Analysis ( Q2 = 0.73; R2 = 0.82), excellent predictability was achieved, and the best Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis model ( Q2 = 0.88; R2 = 0.9). The generated model’s ability to predict outcomes was assessed through external validation using a test set compound and an applicability domain technique. In this study, the steric, electrostatic, and hydrogen bond acceptor fields played a key role in antibacterial activity. Results: The results of the molecular docking revealed that the newly generated compound A6 has the highest binding affinity with DNA gyrase B. It forms 10 hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues of Asn104, Asn274, Asn132, Ser70, Ser237, Thr105, Glu273, and 2 salt bridges with amino acid residues of Ser70 and Glu273 and one pi–pi interacting with Gys271 amino acid residue in the binding site of 5G1, and this result was validated by a new assessment method. We created some novel, highly effective DNA gyrase B inhibitors based on the earlier findings, and the most accurate model predicted their inhibitory actions. The ADMET characteristics and pharmacological similarity of these novel inhibitors were also examined. Conclusion: These findings would be very beneficial in guiding the optimization process for the identification of novel drugs that can address the issue of multiple drug resistance.

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Commensal E. coli as an Important Reservoir of Resistance Encoding Genetic Elements

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Phylogenetic Groups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli from Healthy Chicken in Eastern and Central Uganda

Phylogenetic Groups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli from Healthy Chicken in Eastern and Central Uganda

Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains and Association of Their Virulence Genes in Bangladesh

3D-QSAR, ADMET, and molecular docking studies of aztreonam analogs as E. colis inhibitors

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