Comment on Xu et al. Effects of Metformin on Metabolite Profiles and LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015;38:1858–1867

Sonne, David P.; Knop, Filip K.

doi:10.2337/dc15-1794

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A previous study reported that LDL-C reduction in T2D patients treated with metformin occurs via the inhibition of intestinal bile acid reabsorption (Sonne et al. 2015 ). By preventing this reabsorption, bile acids are no longer transferred back to the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinacanthus nutans attenuates atherosclerosis progression in rats with type 2 diabetes by reducing vascular oxidative stress and inflammation

Azemi

Mokhtar

Sharif

et al. 2021

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Atherosclerosis predisposes individuals to adverse cardiovascular events. Clinacanthus nutans L. (Acanthaceae) is a traditional remedy used for diabetes and inflammatory conditions. Objectives To investigate the anti-atherosclerotic activity of a C. nutans leaf methanol extract (CNME) in a type 2 diabetic (T2D) rat model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin. Materials and methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: non-diabetic fed a standard diet (C), C + CNME (500 mg/kg, orally), diabetic fed an HFD (DM), DM + CNME (500 mg/kg), and DM + Metformin (DM + Met; 300 mg/kg). Treatment with oral CNME and metformin was administered for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid profile, atherogenic index (AI), aortic tissue superoxide dismutase levels (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured. The rats’ aortas were stained for histological analysis and intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Results The CNME-treated diabetic rats had reduced serum total cholesterol (43.74%; p = 0.0031), triglycerides (80.91%; p = 0.0003), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (56.64%; p = 0.0008), AI (51.32%; p < 0.0001), MDA (60.74%; p = 0.0026), TNF-α (61.78%; p = 0.0002), and IMT (39.35%; p < 0.0001) compared to untreated diabetic rats. SOD level, however, increased (53.36%; p = 0.0326). These CNME effects were comparable to those in the metformin-treated diabetic rats. Conclusions C. nutans possesses anti-atherosclerotic properties, which may be due to reductions in vascular tissue oxidative stress, inflammation, and serum AI. Continued studies on atherosclerotic animal models are suggested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This condition leads to the increased synthesis of bile acids in the liver, which requires more cholesterol and thus reduces the amount of cholesterol in the liver (Sonne et al. 2015 ). Related to this, Chavez-Santoscoy et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinacanthus nutans attenuates atherosclerosis progression in rats with type 2 diabetes by reducing vascular oxidative stress and inflammation

Azemi

Mokhtar

Sharif

et al. 2021

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…We appreciate that an additional mode of action was addressed (1). In fact, our analysis indicated that approximately 29% of the decrease in LDL-C can be explained by repressed FADS activity (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Response to Comment on Xu et al. Effects of Metformin on Metabolite Profiles and LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015;38:1858–1867

Brandmaier

Illig

et al. 2015

Diabetes Care

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“…In this context, the action of metformin in regulating lipid metabolism is mainly explained by its activity in the intestine. Accordingly, inhibiting the intestinal absorption of bile acids mediated by metformin determined an increased synthesis of bile acids in the liver, and cholesterol is used for this process, leading to a reduction in cholesterol inside the hepatocytes [94,95]. The up-regulation of the LDL receptor may increase the uptake of lipoproteins, restoring an adequate cholesterol concentration in the liver.…”

Section: Regulation Of Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin and the Liver: Unlocking the Full Therapeutic Potential

Perazza,

Leoni,

Colosimo

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Metformin is a highly effective medication for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have shown that it has significant therapeutic benefits in various organ systems, particularly the liver. Although the effects of metformin on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis are still being debated, it has positive effects on cirrhosis and anti-tumoral properties, which can help prevent the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, it has been proven to improve insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, commonly associated with liver diseases. While more studies are needed to fully determine the safety and effectiveness of metformin use in liver diseases, the results are highly promising. Indeed, metformin has a terrific potential for extending its full therapeutic properties beyond its traditional use in managing diabetes.

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Comment on Xu et al. Effects of Metformin on Metabolite Profiles and LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015;38:1858–1867

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Clinacanthus nutans attenuates atherosclerosis progression in rats with type 2 diabetes by reducing vascular oxidative stress and inflammation

Clinacanthus nutans attenuates atherosclerosis progression in rats with type 2 diabetes by reducing vascular oxidative stress and inflammation

Response to Comment on Xu et al. Effects of Metformin on Metabolite Profiles and LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015;38:1858–1867

Metformin and the Liver: Unlocking the Full Therapeutic Potential

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