Commentary: Grand challenge: ELSI in a changing global environment

Macpherson, Ignacio; Segarra, Ignacio

doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00135

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The principle of procreative beneficence raises a new question: who is entitled to decide what an advantage is (Karpin, 2007; Macpherson and Segarra, 2017)? It is not clear whether some enhancements are desirable per se or whether a disability is deprived of any value (Nunes, 2006; Francis, 2015).…”

Section: Current Controversiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And how far can it be modified? (Bostrom and Sandberg, 2009; Greenbaum, 2013; Macpherson and Segarra, 2017), and what are the long-term psychological and social consequences on individuals and populations (GüellPelayo, 2014; Cabrera, 2017; Ishii, 2017b)? In fact, all these issues frame the ethical challenges of “genetic enhancement” and, specifically, the genetic enhancement applied to the individual’s germline, aimed to improve the capabilities of the human subject.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These interventions are becoming an incipient new field of bioethics where the ELSI perspective is essential at its core (Henderson et al, 2012; Greenbaum, 2013; Macpherson and Segarra, 2017; Ishii, 2017a; Ishii, 2017b; De Melo-Martín, 2018; Tamir, 2018). This perspective permeates and affects all legislation of the clinical and pharmacology fields, subject to strict ethical controls, and associated to the precautionary principle (Gonzalvo-Cirac et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethical Challenges of Germline Genetic Enhancement

2019

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The new reproductive technologies have opened the door to different processes of germline genetic enhancement by which the characteristics of an individual according to the interests of the agents involved could be selected during its gestation. Although the initiative is apparently oriented towards developing individuals that would excel in society, critical voices raise the concerns about that this approach would generate and need for a reflection on the ethical, social and legal implications of these techniques and their implementation in society. We reviewed the literature about these issues throughout their historical records to date, focusing on the moral arguments and non-clinical aspects that affect the legal and social environment. We have observed various trends of thought with divergent positions (proactive, preventive, and regulatory) as well as a large number of articles that try to reconcile the different approaches. This review illustrates a series of concepts from the ethics and philosophy fields which are frequently used in studies that evaluate the ethical implications of germline genetic enhancement, such as dignity, benefit, autonomy, and identity. In addition, amongst the many unresolved controversies surrounding genetic enhancement, we identify procreative beneficence, genetic disassociation, gender selection, the value of disability, embryo chimerization, and the psychosocial inequality of potentially enhanced individuals as crucial. We also develop possible scenarios for future debate. We consider especially important the definition and specification of three aspects which are essential for the deployment of new reproductive technologies: the moral status of the embryo undergoing enhancement, the legal status of the enhanced individual, and the responsibility of the agents executing the enhancement. Finally, we propose the precautionary principle as a means to navigate ethical uncertainties.

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Section: Current Controversiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethical Challenges of Germline Genetic Enhancement

2019

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“…Typically, a challenge is ethical, legal, social, or derived from implications associated with research and evidence of change or anthropogenic stress (Acocella 2015). Grand challenges for the environment in particular are ones that necessitate connections between disciplines and require evidence from potential studies that examine different components of the environment such as climate, ecology, species biology, or research from any number of levels (Macpherson and Segarra 2017). A (reverse-engineered) reproducible solution is a suggested solution to a challenge derived from identifying all the components of the challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple principles for engineering reproducible solutions to environmental management challenges.

Lortie

Owen

2018

Preprint

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An environmental management challenge is an opportunity to use fundamental science to inform evidence-based decisions for environmental stakeholders and conservationists. Contemporary science is embracing open science and increasingly conscious of reproduciblility. Synergistically, applying these two paradigms in concert advances our capacity to move beyond context dependency and singlular thinking to reverse engineer solutions from published scientific evidence associated with one challenge to many. Herein, we provide a short list of principles that can guide those that seek solutions to address environmental management through primary scientific literature.

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ELSI: Ethical, Legal and Social Implications

Greenbaum

2022

Reference Module in Life Sciences

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Commentary: Grand challenge: ELSI in a changing global environment

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Ethical Challenges of Germline Genetic Enhancement

Ethical Challenges of Germline Genetic Enhancement

Simple principles for engineering reproducible solutions to environmental management challenges.

ELSI: Ethical, Legal and Social Implications

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