Potential decay experiments are considered as an efficient method for studying transport in insulators. Interpretation of their results is nevertheless still delicate, mainly because of the difficulty in controlling the quantity of deposited carriers (dose). This work is concerned with an apparatus which allows an accurate control of the dose. An adequate modelling of potential decay, based on analytical and numerical calculations, is then proposed for time-dependent, field-dependent and trap-limited mobilities. It is shown that representing the data with a convenient set of dimensionless variables greatly facilitates their interpretation, indicating for instance directly either the mobility depends on the field or not. Expressions of the experimental observable and characteristic features associated with the various transport models are derived. Finally, an example of data analysis is discussed in detail to illustrate how our conclusions can be used in practise to extract information about transport of excess electrons in insulators.