Comments on zero-point energy, quantum noise and spontaneous-emission noise

Grau, G.; Kleen, W.

doi:10.1016/0038-1101(82)90204-0

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…75 Uncannily, about the same time Koch, Van Harlingen and Clarke ͑KVC͒ published noise measurements in superconductors reporting to have observed ZPF. 76 Over the next 3-4 years a number of independent superconductor papers followed, all nonchalantly quoting the KVC interpretation of ZPF as standard.…”

Section: ͑5͒mentioning

confidence: 98%

Overview: Unsolved problems of noise and fluctuations

Abbott

2001

Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

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Noise and fluctuations are at the seat of all physical phenomena. It is well known that, in linear systems, noise plays a destructive role. However, an emerging paradigm for nonlinear systems is that noise can play a constructive role-in some cases information transfer can be optimized at nonzero noise levels. Another use of noise is that its measured characteristics can tell us useful information about the system itself. Problems associated with fluctuations have been studied since 1826 and this Focus Issue brings together a collection of articles that highlight some of the emerging hot unsolved noise problems to point the way for future research. © 2001 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.1398543͔The study of fluctuations crosses many discipline boundaries as ''noise'' is a ubiquitous phenomenon. Noise is traditionally thought of as an unwanted effect that degrades the performance of a system. However, the emerging paradigm now recognizes that noise can play both a destructive or constructive role, depending on the circumstances. Thus there is now an intense interest in noise in many biological, physical, and other systems. The collection of papers in this Focus Issue examines open problems and debates surrounding the role of noise in both chaotic and nonchaotic systems. In this Overview we introduce the concepts of stochastic resonance, Brownian ratchets, 1Õf noise and vacuum fluctuations, and some problems surrounding them.

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Section: ͑5͒mentioning

confidence: 98%

Overview: Unsolved problems of noise and fluctuations

Abbott

2001

Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

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“…2). The same argumentation implies that the antenna arrangement [11,12] (Fig. 1) will not show any uncertainty (and zero-point term) in the photon number.…”

Section: The Uncertainty-principle Argumentmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Haus [16] and Kleen [17] used Hener's theory [18], based on the time-energy uncertainty principle of frequency/phase selective linear amplifiers, and stated that the zero-point term in equations (4) and ( 5) is a direct consequence of the energy-time uncertainty principle for phase-sensitive amplitude measurements (figure 2). The same argumentation implies that the antenna arrangement [11,12] (figure 1) will not show any uncertainty (and zero-point term) in the photon number. However, the uncertainty principle argument cannot disprove equations (4) and (5).…”

Section: The Uncertainty-principle Argumentmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Grau and Kleen [11] and Kleen [12] (as in the original treatment by Nyquist [2]), argued that the Johnson noise of a resistor connected to an antenna, see Fig. 1, must satisfy Planck's thermal radiation formula.…”

Section: Planck's Black-body Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations ( 10) and (11) imply that the mean force in the capacitor shunting a resistor (see figure 3) is…”

Section: Force In a Capacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zero-point term and quantum effects in the Johnson noise of resistors: a critical appraisal

2016

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Abstract. There is a longstanding debate about the zero-point term in the Johnson noise voltage of a resistor. This term originates from a quantum-theoretical treatment of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem (FDT). Is the zero-point term really there, or is it only an experimental artefact, due to the uncertainty principle, for phase-sensitive amplifiers? Could it be removed by renormalization of theories? We discuss some historical measurement schemes that do not lead to the effect predicted by the FDT, and we analyse new features that emerge when the consequences of the zero-point term are measured via the mean energy and force in a capacitor shunting the resistor. If these measurements verify the existence of a zero-point term in the noise, then two types of perpetual motion machines can be constructed. Further investigation with the same approach shows that, in the quantum limit, the Johnson-Nyquist formula is also invalid under general conditions even though it is valid for a resistor-antenna system. Therefore we conclude that and a satisfactory quantum theory of the Johnson noise, the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem, must, as a minimum, include also the measurement system used to evaluate the observed quantities. Issues concerning the zero-point term may also have implications for phenomena in advanced nanotechnology.

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Rauschen

Martius

2023

Wellenbeschreibung Elektrischer Netzwerke Mit Der Streumatrix

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Comments on zero-point energy, quantum noise and spontaneous-emission noise

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Overview: Unsolved problems of noise and fluctuations

Overview: Unsolved problems of noise and fluctuations

Zero-point term and quantum effects in the Johnson noise of resistors: a critical appraisal

Rauschen

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