Commercial expanded graphite as high-performance cathode for low-cost aluminum-ion battery

Dong, Xiaozhong; Xu, Hanyan; Chen, Hao; Wang, Liyong; Wang, Jiaqing; Fang, Wenzhang; Chen, Chen; Salman, Muhammad; Xu, Zhen; Gao, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2019.03.080

Cited by 87 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thanks to this synthesis route and the proper preparation of the electrode, the capacity results obtained in this work are 10 times higher than those achieved previously for this material (∼3 mA h g −1 ) . Furthermore, these results are comparable to those obtained previously in expanded graphites . These expanded graphites require much more aggressive and expensive synthesis routes than the one used in the synthesis of δ‐MnO 2 nanofibers .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

δ‐MnO₂ Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2020

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δ-MnO 2 nanofibers, synthesized by using a simple, low-cost solgel method, showed high electrochemical performance as a cathode for rechargeable Al-ion batteries (AIBs). δ-MnO 2 presented an initial discharge capacity of 59 mA h g À 1 and stabilized at 37 mA h g À 1 at a current rate of 100 mA g À 1 after 15 cycles and for more than 100 cycles with almost a 99 % coulombic efficiency. Different plateaus in charge/discharge curves, consistent with CV peaks, revealed the Al-ion insertion/ deinsertion and the electrochemical stability of the battery. Moreover, different rate CV measurements revealed the pseudocapacitive behavior of δ-MnO 2 in AIBs. The obtained charge/discharge capacities are ten times higher than previous studies performed with this material. Ex situ Raman and highresolution TEM measurements in different charge/discharge states revealed structural information of δ-MnO 2 upon Al-ion intercalation/deintercalation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

δ‐MnO₂ Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2020

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“…This means that the structure of GF is barely changed during cycling in Emi-1.3, and CGF-Et has larger space for capacitive charge storage than CGF-Emi even though they experienced same cycles. So the graphitic cathodes cycling in Et-1.5 can be endowed with a higher contribution of capacitive storage, which helps to understand the previous reports that expanded graphite and graphene aerogel cathodes can have higher capacities as using Et-1.5 than Emi-1.3 [30,31] . Previous work has demonstrated the intercalation of AlCl 4…”

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confidence: 56%

Capacitive charge storage enables an ultrahigh cathode capacity in aluminum-graphene battery

Chen

Lai³

et al. 2020

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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“…[ 15 ] and Dong et al . [ 37 ] In the study of Dong et al ., when fully charged in different electrolytes, the resulting peaks are too small to be observed due to the different intercalation effects. It can be seen from Figure S3 that the interlayer spacing has changed during the de‐intercalation of ions, but the change in the interlayer spacing between the two weeks is relatively small.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Electrode Kinetics of Anion Intercalation and De‐intercalation in Nonaqueous Al‐Graphite Batteries^†

Han

Cao

et al. 2020

Chin. J. Chem.

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Graphite electrode | Anion intercalation | Al battery | Electrochemical kinetics | Diffusion Graphitic materials with intercalated sites are considered as the mostly used positive electrode materials in nonaqueous Al batteries. Unlike the small-size cations, the intercalation/de-intercalation of large-size anions into/out of graphite would induce large volume expansion and micro-structure reconfiguration, leading to unexpected coulombic efficiency in the full cells (<95% within initial several cycles). For understanding the irreversible processes induced by anion intercalation/de-intercalation (AlCl 4-), here the kinetics of first two cycles for the Al-graphite batteries have been systematically studied. To study kinetics behaviors at representative states, a combined method upon galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has been carried out. The achieved diffusion coefficients of the positive electrodes assembled with different graphite sizes suggest that size effect also plays a critical role in determining the electrochemical kinetics in the mass transport in both electrolyte and graphitic layers as well as in interface reaction. The morphologies and micro-structures of the post-cycled graphite electrodes have been also experimentally studied, which also well supports the irreversible intercalation/de-intercalation behaviors in graphite electrodes. The results offer a significant platform to well understand the essential factors in tailoring coulombic efficiency from a kinetic view, which would be helpful in promoting the graphite electrodes in Al batteries.

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Commercial expanded graphite as high-performance cathode for low-cost aluminum-ion battery

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

δ‐MnO₂ Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

δ‐MnO₂ Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

Capacitive charge storage enables an ultrahigh cathode capacity in aluminum-graphene battery

Initial Electrode Kinetics of Anion Intercalation and De‐intercalation in Nonaqueous Al‐Graphite Batteries^†

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Commercial expanded graphite as high-performance cathode for low-cost aluminum-ion battery

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

δ‐MnO2 Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

δ‐MnO2 Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

Capacitive charge storage enables an ultrahigh cathode capacity in aluminum-graphene battery

Initial Electrode Kinetics of Anion Intercalation and De‐intercalation in Nonaqueous Al‐Graphite Batteries†

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Product

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δ‐MnO₂ Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

δ‐MnO₂ Nanofibers: A Promising Cathode Material for New Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

Initial Electrode Kinetics of Anion Intercalation and De‐intercalation in Nonaqueous Al‐Graphite Batteries^†