“…These benchmarks have been very useful for gauging the absolute performance and price/performance of combined software/hardware systems. A significant body of prior work has studied the architectural requirements of such workloads [13,15,17,19,20,22]. At the same time, the Systems Performance Evaluation Cooperative (SPEC), a similar consortium, has developed standard benchmarks for evaluating both static and dynamic web content serving (SPECweb96 and SPECweb99, respectively) [26].…”