Commercialization of Electric Vehicles in Hong Kong

Abstract

Road vehicles are responsible for air pollution in Hong Kong, and electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles as the city is transitioning to clean energy. In this work, EV adoption in Hong Kong is investigated and analyzed, including the global EV markets, present EV status in Hong Kong, local challenges facing EV development, suggestions for EV promotion in Hong Kong, emerging technologies, and decommissioning of batteries and EVs. The challenges of EVs include insufficient charging infrastructures, inadequate management of public charging facilities, difficulties in EV repair and maintenance, “dead mileage” during charging, unacceptable long charging times, and limited commercial EV models. Strategies such as providing incentives and bonuses for commercial EVs, offering high-power quick-charging facilities, actively developing commercial EVs, installing more charging infrastructures for private EVs, building connections among stakeholders, encouraging the participation of the private sector to promote fee-based services, and supporting the development of innovative technologies should be implemented to promote EVs in Hong Kong. Emerging technologies for EVs such as wireless charging, smart power distribution, vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-home systems, connected vehicles, and self-driving are discussed. Eco-friendly decommissioning of EV batteries can be realized by recycling and second-life applications. This paper serves as a reference and guide for the sustainable and smart evolution of the transportation sector in Hong Kong and other global large cities.

Trends and Emerging Technologies for the Development of Electric Vehicles

“…In the Smart City Blueprint Consultancy Study Report published in June 2017, the Hong Kong Government proposed the following strategic measures for smart mobility involving CVs [112]:…”

Scenarios on the Impact of Electric Vehicles on Distribution Grids

“…In particular, the survey discusses grid codes, connection agreements, tariffs, and market platforms as a means to promote a more extensive role for EVs in providing flexibility services. Mo et al [13] explored strategies to increase EV penetration in order to address air pollution issues in Hong Kong and other major cities. The authors identified obstacles for the proliferation of EVs (e.g., insufficient charging infrastructures and inadequate management of public charging facilities) as well as measures to promote EVs (e.g., incentives and bonuses for EVs and offering high-power quick-charging facilities).…”

The Utilization of Carbon Nanotubes in Advanced Silicon – Carbon Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles [7], the demand for LIBs with high-energy densities is growing, driven by concerns over driving range [8][9][10][11]. Silicon-based anodes offer significantly larger mass/volume capacities compared to traditional materials.…”