Commercialization of state-owned broadcast networks in China

Abstract

Visual contents, such as illustrations and images, play a big role in product manual understanding. Existing Product Manual Question Answering (PMQA) datasets tend to ignore visual contents and only retain textual parts. In this work, to emphasize the importance of multimodal contents, we propose a Multimodal Product Manual Question Answering (MPMQA) task. For each question, MPMQA requires the model not only to process multimodal contents but also to provide multimodal answers. To support MPMQA, a large-scale dataset PM209 is constructed with human annotations, which contains 209 product manuals from 27 well-known consumer electronic brands. Human annotations include 6 types of semantic regions for manual contents and 22,021 pairs of question and answer. Especially, each answer consists of a textual sentence and related visual regions from manuals. Taking into account the length of product manuals and the fact that a question is always related to a small number of pages, MP-MQA can be naturally split into two subtasks: retrieving most related pages and then generating multimodal answers. We further propose a unified model that can perform these two subtasks all together and achieve comparable performance with multiple task-specific models. The PM209 dataset is available at https://github.com/AIM3-RUC/MPMQA.

The challenge and path of constructing China's patent indirect infringement system

“…Paragraph (f) also provides that the export of a direct infringement that has not yet occurred constitutes an indirect infringement if it occurs within the United States and could constitute a patent infringement. At this time, no matter whether the direct infringement occurs or not, because it is difficult to investigate abroad, it is allowed to claim compensation from the domestic provider, so as to prevent the export and stifle the direct infringement [4]. Thus, the indirect infringement system in the United States has extraterritorial effect.…”

The Individual Identity Construction of Chinese Fans of American TV Series in Social Media

“…After sorting out and summarizing, the current researches on fans in China could be roughly divided into three main directions: Firstly, from the perspective of the audience, starting from the psychological motivations of fans, to explore the interaction between fans and media texts and the reproduction of culture. In general, this kind of research uses virtual communities as research sites to analyze the impact of the Internet on fan groups (Zhang, 2010;Chen, 2014;Fang, 2015). Secondly, from the perspective of sociology, fan community is regarded as a part of subculture, and the characteristics of fan culture and the communication mechanism of cultural community are mainly described (Huang & Luo, 2006;Sun, 2006;Cai, 2014).…”

Multiple expression forms and their aesthetic trend of modern Chinese image oil painting

“…In his paintings dated 19. 10.2001 (see Figure 5), abstract morphological images and distinct patterns create an expansive realm for the free-flowing implications of his brush. The artist once stated, "I have never sketched, nor have I ever needed to."…”

“…The rich and pure color style imbues a warm atmosphere. Simultaneously, the interplay between the cool and warm colors forms a striking contrast that not only feels harmonious but also elevates the color scheme of the entire composition [10] . The main artistic feature of Chen Junde's creation of vivid oil painting is "freehand lyric", especially in terms of color.…”