Commodification of forest carbon: REDD+ and socially embedded forest practices in Zanzibar

Benjaminsen, Grete; Kaarhus, Randi

doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.04.021

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Numerous carbon forestry schemes have been shown to interrupt and limit local resource use, entrench existing local inequalities, or destabilize local economies, while promised local incentives commonly fail to materialize in any significant way (Chomba, Kariuki, Lund, & Sinclair, 2016;Leach & Scoones, 2015;Milne et al, 2019). In marketbased schemes in particular, the promise of efficiency drives the pursuit of economies of scale, which often manifest in biases against smallholders and attempts to cluster up local communities in ways that privilege dominant groups and divert benefits away from the poorest (Benjaminsen & Kaarhus, 2018;Isyaku, Arhin, & Asiyanbi, 2017).…”

Section: Justice and Ethics In The Uneven Geographies Of Carbon Remmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative emissions and the long history of carbon removal

Carton

Asiyanbi

Beck

et al. 2020

WIREs Climate Change

157

100

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Recent IPCC assessments highlight a key role for large-scale carbon removal in meeting the objectives of the Paris Agreement. This focus on removal, also referred to as negative emissions, is suggestive of novel opportunities, risks, and challenges in addressing climate change, but tends to build on the narrow techno-economic framings that characterize integrated assessment modeling. While the discussion on negative emissions bears important parallels to a wider and older literature on carbon sequestration and carbon sinks, this earlier scholarship-particularly from the critical social sciences-is seldom engaged with by the negative emissions research community. In this article, we survey this "long history" of carbon removal and seek to draw out lessons for ongoing research and the emerging public debate on negative emissions. We argue that research and policy on negative emissions should proceed not just from projections of the future, but also from an acknowledgement of past controversies, successes and failures. In particular, our review calls attention to the irreducibly political character of carbon removal imaginaries and accounting practices and urges acknowledgement of past experiences with the implementation of (small-scale) carbon sequestration projects. Our review in this way highlights the importance of seeing continuity in the carbon removal discussion and calls for more engagement with existing social science scholarship on the subject. Acknowledging continuity and embracing an interdisciplinary research agenda on carbon removal are important aspects in making climate change mitigation research more responsible, and a precondition to avoid repeating past mistakes and failures.

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Section: Justice and Ethics In The Uneven Geographies Of Carbon Remmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative emissions and the long history of carbon removal

Carton

Asiyanbi

Beck

et al. 2020

WIREs Climate Change

157

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Regarding technical advice, shehia with registered CoFMAs receive help from the Forest Department with nursery development, mangrove planting, and woodlots. Finally, with respect to management, Forest Department personnel provide much-needed moral cover (cf., Benjaminsen & Kaarhus, 2018) for committee members in punishing both insiders and outsiders for illegal offtake, and in some cases removing corrupt SCC members. As noted above, communities seeking CoFMA status appear to view one of more of these relatively tangible features, or "co-benefits," as motivating reasons for persisting with or joining the initiative.…”

Section: Mechanisms Underlying Institutional Adaptive Capacity and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethical clearance was granted by University of California Davis Institutional Review Board ID991486 to MBM for "Community-Based Forest Conservation under REDD in Pemba, Zanzibar." ORCID Monique Borgerhoff Mulder https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1117-5984 ENDNOTES 1 We acknowledge our account of considerable support for HIMA institutions differs strongly from that of Benjaminsen and Kaarhus (2018), but point to the very specific case of their single focal village (the only site of 45 on Unguja that rejected HIMA) and its particular relationship with an area protected for tourism. While some of our observations are consistent with their detailed ethnographic fieldwork, we find (at least on Pemba) the situation to be not simply one of resistance but entailing more complex and subtle strands (as outlined here).…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

A silver lining to REDD: Institutional growth despite programmatic failure

Mulder

Caro

Ngwali

2020

Conservat Sci and Prac

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What happens when conservation interventions ostensibly fail? We outline a REDD+ intervention on Zanzibar, Tanzania which is adapting to a failure to implement carbon compensation payments and to the increased global price of cloves. Using a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods we provide preliminary evidence that well‐managed shehia (wards) with registered Community Forestry Management Agreements (CoFMAs) are slowing their rates of deforestation. We also find an increase in the number of shehia with CoFMAs despite the absence of carbon payments. Using this island‐wide case study we make inferences about the mechanisms whereby institutional expansion has occurred in ways consistent with cultural evolutionary dynamics of institutional change. We draw lessons for planning and practice that may help with the design of future conservation interventions and with bolstering the morale and effectiveness of disappointed partners.

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“…La legitimidad puede considerarse como el "reconocimiento social del poder político para crear y aplicar normas jurídicas" (Hernández, 2009: 156), es decir, consiste en la creencia de que obedecer el orden creado y respaldado por el Estado corresponde al bien común (Mazzuca, 2012; Monterroso y Barry, 2012), con la finalidad de garantizar la eficacia de la acción política (Scharpf, 2005). Varios autores consideran que la participación efectiva de la sociedad y el esquema de gobernanza legitiman los esquemas políticos que atienden las acciones de REDD+ en México (Balderas y Skutsch, 2014;Libert y Trench, 2016;Benjaminsen y Kaarhus, 2018). Aunque es importante considerar que la gobernanza que hace hincapié en las interacciones entre los niveles políticos y sociales como base de la convivencia social, no necesariamente atiende al gobierno, sino a los actores que aceptan una norma (Libert et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desafíos jurídicos y políticos de la ENAREDD+ México: legalidad en la participación social y propiedad forestal

Rodríguez

Borrego

Skutsch

et al. 2020

SyA

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El objetivo del estudio es realizar una revisión del estado actual de la legalidad en la participación social y propiedad forestal reconocidas en la Estrategia Nacional para la Reducción de Emisiones por Deforestación y Degradación forestal (ENAREDD+), a fin de identificar los principales desafíos jurídicos y políticos que pudieran constituir áreas de oportunidad en el éxito de los principios de REDD+ en México. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema, de la ENAREDD+ y del marco jurídico asociados con la participación social y la propiedad forestal. Los principales hallazgos muestran que existe un reconocimiento distinto de los actores en la participación social y los alcances de la propiedad forestal al interior de la ENAREDD+, así como en el marco jurídico vigente, que pudieran cuestionar la legalidad forestal en México.

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Commodification of forest carbon: REDD+ and socially embedded forest practices in Zanzibar

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Negative emissions and the long history of carbon removal

Negative emissions and the long history of carbon removal

A silver lining to REDD: Institutional growth despite programmatic failure

Desafíos jurídicos y políticos de la ENAREDD+ México: legalidad en la participación social y propiedad forestal

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