Common and distinct neural networks for false-belief reasoning and inhibitory control

Processes of believing — a review and conceptual account

“…This was true in children aged 10 -12 years as well as adults, whereas the posterior cingulate and the right rostral prefrontal cortex were activated in children but not in adults (Sommer et al , 2010 ). The behavioral relevance of these observations became apparent from the partial overlap of brain areas engaged in false belief reasoning and inhibitory control of action as shown in adults (Rothmayr et al , 2011 ). In addition, it was found that beliefs are updated by accumulating different pieces of information when a decision has to be made.…”

“…Schjoedt et al (2009) Personal prayer in religious subjects 8 20 50 Han et al (2008) Christian self-judgment 8 27 35 Sommer et al (2010) False belief attribution 4 34 40 Stern et al (2010) Greater uncertainty in sampling 6 33 30 Rothmayr et al (2011) Belief reasoning + inhibitory control 10 36 44 Beauregard and Paquette (2006) Mystical experience -11 52 13 Knutson et al (2007) Combined race and gender associations 20 51 9 Kapogiannis et al (2009) God ' s perceived involvement 9 66 6 Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/12/18 11:38 PM For the ' process of believing ' as it might appear in a religious or secular manner, we would like to coin the neologism ' credition ' . Credition is conceived as a psychological term in analogy to emotion and cognition that denotes the mental activity related to what we call ' he/she believes ' (Angel , 2006(Angel , , 2012.…”

Neural substrate of cognitive theory of mind impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

“…False-belief reasoning, which is a core component of cognitive ToM, has been investigated in several imaging studies in healthy people (Rothmayr et al, 2011;Saxe & Powell, 2006;Sommer et al, 2007). The medial prefrontal cortex appears to be involved in decoupling other people's perspectives from one's own (e.g., decoupling the story protagonist's belief about an object's location from one's own knowledge about it) (D€ ohnel et al, 2012;Gallagher & Frith, 2003;Leslie 1987).…”

“…Once they have decoupled these perspectives, individuals need to inhibit their prepotent tendency to respond according to their own true belief equalling the true state of reality. Converging evidence suggests that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (more specifically, the middle frontal gyrus) is associated first with self-perspective inhibition, through its executive functions of inhibition, planning and coordination, and second with storage processes in working memory (e.g., short-term storage of information about the location of the object in the story, as well as maintaining the representation of a protagonist's false belief) (Rothmayr et al, 2011). Accordingly the dorsolateral cortex may underpin the third component of belief reasoning, namely self-perspective inhibition, as suggested by Le Bouc et al (2012) in a study of cognitive ToM in patients with FTD.…”

Influencia del riesgo social en la teoría de la mente y funciones ejecutivas de adolescentes colombianos

“…Alternativamente, los circuitos neuroanatómicos podrían estar superpuestos y entonces no existiría una prevalencia de ninguna de las dos habilidades sobre la otra (Dennis, 2006;Lozano Gutiérrez & Ostrosky, 2011;Toga, Thompson, & Sowell, 2006). Por este motivo, todavía se necesitan más estudios y nuevas estrategias para analizar cómo y en qué medida se interconectan las FE y la ToM (Aboulafia-Brakha, Christe, Martory, & Annoni, 2011;Rothmayr et al, 2011).…”