Common Causes of Anaphylaxis in Children

Barzegar, Saeideh; Akramian, Rosita; Pourpak, Zahra; Bemanian, Mohammad Hassan; Shokouhi, Raheleh; Mansouri, Mahboubeh; Cheraghi, Taher; Chavoshzadeh, Zahra; Mohammadzadeh, Iraj; Fazlollahi, Mohammad Reza; Mirsaeedghazi, Bahram; Nabavi, Mohammad; Movahedi, Masoud; Gharagozlo, M J; Farahmand, Fatemeh; Moin, Mostafa

doi:10.1097/wox.0b013e3181c82128

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, in other cases such as drug or insect bite, SPT was performed only with the suspected agent. If history, skin prick test and RAST test did not specify the cause of anaphylaxis is classified as “idiopathic” 17…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of anaphylaxis etiology and treatment

et al. 2018

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Identifying the causes of anaphylaxis which is an acute, potentially fatal systemic reaction is very important in every community. Treatment strategies and pitfalls should also be determined. We sought to determine the most common triggers of anaphylaxis, clinical manifestations and treatment strategies in Mashhad, northeast of Iran. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate all patients with a history of anaphylactic reaction who were referred to University Allergy Clinics between 2006 and 2016 in Mashhad Iran. We used a combination of patient’s clinical history and allergy diagnostic testing including radioallergosorbant test and skin prick test in order to determine the etiology of anaphylaxis. We identified 172 anaphylactic reactions in 70 patients. Median age was 15 years with a range from 6 months to 48 years. The triggers included: foods, 61.4%; drugs, 15.7%; hymenoptera venom, 8.6%; idiopathic, 5.7%; immunotherapy, 4.3% and other etiologies: 5.7%. Nuts and seeds were the most important triggers of food induced anaphylaxis, especially in school children, adolescents and young adults, followed by fruits. However, Cow’s milk and hen’s egg were the main triggers of anaphylaxis in children aged under 2 years. The most common symptoms were cutaneous and cardiovascular. Corticosteroids (94.3%) and/or antihistamines (85.7%) were used most frequently for treatment followed by intravenous fluids (54.3%), whereas epinephrine was only used in 17.1% of the cases. Food related anaphylaxis and other typical triggers of anaphylaxis are age dependent and the risks and triggers change with age. Epinephrine injection should be increased by improving the awareness of physician and medical teams. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (approved number: IR.MUMS.REC.1393.960).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of anaphylaxis etiology and treatment

et al. 2018

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“…The most common food allergens among Iranian children with allergy (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and urticaria) that were established with the prick test, were milk, eggs, and wheat flour, respectively ( 6 ). Furthermore, the most current cause of anaphylaxis in Iranian children was food (89.7%), with milk and wheat being the most common ( 7 ). Because, anaphylaxis is a life-threatening condition, identifying foods that cause this condition is very important ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological survey of pediatric food allergy in Mashhad in Northeast Iran

et al. 2016

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IntroductionFood allergy is an increasing problem worldwide, but the foods responsible for food allergy are not the same in different countries, probably because of the role of genetic, cultural, and nutritional factors. The aim of this study was to determine the common food allergens in pediatric patients with different presentation of food allergy.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, all of the patients were referred to pediatric allergy clinics affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from September 2012 to August 2014. For patients with IgE-mediated food allergy that was diagnosed with clinical manifestations, the skin prick test was done. The results were analyzed by SPSS version 17 and statistical analysis was done with the chi-squared test and the t-test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThree hundred seventy-one patients (53.9% male, 46.1% female) with ages in the range of three months to 18 years were studied. The most frequent food allergen in all patients with decreasing prevalence were egg white (17.8%), pepper (15.8%), curry (14.3%), egg yolk (14%), cow’s milk (10%), and tomato (7.8%). The most common presenting symptoms were respiratory (allergic rhinitis 45%, asthma 32%), dermatologic (atopic dermatitis 30%, urticaria 8.3%), colitis (17.5%), and gasteroesophagial reflux disease (GERD) (2%). According to the prevalence of food allergens in different age groups, we realized that, after the age of three years, the frequency of sensitization to egg white, egg yolk, cow’s milk, wheat and cereals was decreased and allergy to pepper and curry was increased.ConclusionThe prevalence of culprit foods that produce food allergies depends on several factors, including age, presenting manifestation, and where the patient lives. As many food allergies are outgrown, patients should be reevaluated regularly to determine whether they have lost their reactivity or not.

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“…The estimated prevalence of CMA in developed countries ranges from 0.5% to 3% at age 1 year 1,2 . Cow's milk is increasingly thought to be the cause of fatal anaphylaxis in children, 3 with rates ranging from 0.0016 to 0.15 episodes per 100 person‐years depending on the population 3–9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Frequency of fatal and recurrent anaphylaxis due to COW'S milk: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies”

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Petrone

et al. 2023

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies in infants and young children. Immune reactions in CMA are categorized as immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, and mixed (IgE combined with non-IgE). CMA can result in anaphylactic reactions. 1 As in other food allergies, anaphylaxis caused by cow's milk is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, and some patients experience recurrences even when CMA is identified in the initial reaction.Studies performed in diverse populations have assessed the epidemiology of CMA. 1,2 However, community-based incidence

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Common Causes of Anaphylaxis in Children

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

A survey of anaphylaxis etiology and treatment

A survey of anaphylaxis etiology and treatment

Epidemiological survey of pediatric food allergy in Mashhad in Northeast Iran

“Frequency of fatal and recurrent anaphylaxis due to COW'S milk: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies”

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