Common Congenital Anomalies of the Neck: Embryology and Surgical Anatomy

Todd, N. Wendell

doi:10.1016/s0039-6109(16)46076-7

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…12,13 The presence of a normal thyroid gland should be confirmed during a preoperative sonographic examination of a TDC because if the entopic thyroid tissue that coexists within the TDC is the patient's only functioning thyroid tissue, then a resection of the ectopic thyroid with the cyst will cause hypothyroidism. 14,15 Preoperative sonographic identification of a normal thyroid gland is sufficient to exclude a diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue and thus makes it possible to avoid routine thyroid scintigraphy. 15 In this study, a normal thyroid gland was confirmed in all patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Assessment of Thyroglossal Duct Cysts in Children

Kutuya¹,

Kurosaki²

2008

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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Abbreviations BCC, branchial cleft cyst; TDC, thyroglossal duct cyst he thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is one of the most common congenital neck masses occurring in children, representing approximately 70% of the congenital lesions that occur in the neck. 1,2Sonography is thought to be an ideal initial technique for the differential diagnosis of a neck mass. In the past, the TDC commonly had been known to be a midline anechoic cyst at the level of the hyoid bone.3-6 However, many variations of its sonographic features have been reported. 7,8 As a result, it is important to confirm the existence of a TDC in the differential diagnosis by means of preoperative sonographic examinations, but a correct diagnosis is often difficult to make. As far as we could determine, up to now there have only been 2 statistical investigations (by Wadsworth and Siegel 7 and Ahuja et al 8 ) regarding the sonographic appearance of TDCs in children. We thus thought that an additional investigation should be performed. Therefore, in this study we assessed the sonographic appearance in 36 children with Image PresentationObjective. The purpose of this study was to clarify the sonographic features of thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) in children. We also investigated how the presence of inflammation influences the sonographic appearance. Methods. We reviewed the sonograms from 36 children (0.5-14 years old) with pathologically proven TDCs. The lesions were evaluated for location, shape, internal echo pattern, internal septa, wall thickness, posterior enhancement, solid components, margins, and fistulas. The sonographic features of 7 lesions that pathologically showed inflammation were also investigated. Results. Most TDCs were midline (77.8%), were located at the hyoid bone (44.4%) or were infrahyoid (38.9%), showed posterior enhancement (77.8%), were unilocular (86.1%), lacked internal septa (91.7%), and had a thin wall (75%). None had a solid component. The internal echo patterns were classified into 4 types: anechoic (25%), homogeneously hypoechoic (16.7%), pseudosolid (16.7%), and heterogeneous (41.6%). Inflammation was confirmed in 78% of the lesions with wall thickening and 100% of the lesions with internal septa. Conclusions. Most TDCs in children had echogenicity ranging from hypoechoic to heterogeneous. A thick wall and internal septa were considered to correlate with the presence of inflammation but not with the internal echo patterns of TDCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Assessment of Thyroglossal Duct Cysts in Children

Kutuya¹,

Kurosaki²

2008

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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“…The components of the branchial apparatus are the precursors of certain anatomical structures [1][2][3][4][5]. The first branchial arch on each side divides into maxillary and mandibular processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First branchial cleft anomalies can be divided into two separate anatomical types [4][5][6][7][8]. In the first type, the cyst or sinus opening is localised medial, inferior or posterior to the conchal cartilage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First branchial complex anomalies: report of 3 cases

et al. 1997

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“…The true prevalence of thyroglossal duct remnants is approximately 7 %, but only a fraction of these will become symptomatic and require medical treatment [3]. The remnants consist of ductal epithelium and can maintain secretory activity [6,7]. A thyroglossal duct cyst can form as the opening of the tract becomes blocked and secretory fluid accumulates.…”

Section: Biology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroglossal Duct Cysts

Jones

2013

Pediatric Head and Neck Tumors

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Common Congenital Anomalies of the Neck: Embryology and Surgical Anatomy

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

Sonographic Assessment of Thyroglossal Duct Cysts in Children

Sonographic Assessment of Thyroglossal Duct Cysts in Children

First branchial complex anomalies: report of 3 cases

Thyroglossal Duct Cysts

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