Common criteria for the assessment of critical infrastructures

Fekete, Alexander

doi:10.1007/s13753-011-0002-y

Cited by 94 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In a context of risks, one of the most significant and pervasive risk is the occurrence of failures due to the so-called domino effects or cascading effects. In a situation of strong intra-dependence and strong interdependence, respectively within and between critical infrastructures, cascading effects can lead to different impact entry-points [14,39] which complicate the understanding of the damage processes. Moreover, society currently cannot afford the costs associated with absolute protection against all cascading effects [40] and this may not even be feasible [14].…”

Section: A Review Of Methodologies For Assessing the Interdependenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-Getting a full picture on failures, by capturing second and third order consequences as well [14]; -Integrating all the interdependencies, irrespective of whether they are due to processes within the system, to external changes in the system's environment [15] or to unexpected or unforeseeable events [11]; -Determining failures due to domino effects between different urban technical networks considered to be critical [16].…”

Section: City Critical Infrastructures and Risks: An Essential Triptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of disruptions cascade effect within and between urban sociotechnical systems in a context of risks

Gonzva

Barroca²,

Gautier

et al. 2016

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. The vulnerability of critical infrastructures facing hazards is a burning issue for urban risks management. In this context, developing methodologies for analysing the causes and consequences of critical infrastructures vulnerability appears necessary for improving the proper functioning of cities that strongly depend on such infrastructures. The critical infrastructures are complex socio-technical systems in which the components are particularly interdependent. Interdependencies also exist between critical infrastructures. All these interactions may imply many failures caused by cascade effect in a context of risks. After a review of existing methodologies for assessing the interdependencies within and between critical infrastructures, the paper develops a global methodology based on dependability methods in order to automatically produce the scenarios of failures caused by cascade effect within a rail transport system, as an example of critical infrastructures, facing a flood hazard, as an example of urban risks. The paper discusses the generalizability of the methodology to other critical infrastructures.

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Section: A Review Of Methodologies For Assessing the Interdependenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: City Critical Infrastructures and Risks: An Essential Triptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of disruptions cascade effect within and between urban sociotechnical systems in a context of risks

Gonzva

Barroca²,

Gautier

et al. 2016

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Electricity has been available to consumers as a quasiinvisible force [58] and, for decades, as an unquestioned resource [60]. The currently passive consumption will increasingly become a matter of liability and daily attention, as the organization of generation, transport, and distribution of electricity is transformed.…”

Section: Consumersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Trust” and “confidence” as socio-technical problems in the transformation of energy systems

Büscher

Sumpf

2015

Energ Sustain Soc

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Background: For the development of a sustainable energy system, the public's contribution to the sustainment of the system's current operations will become vital. The public's role is expected to change from that of passive service abiders to active service providers, as anticipated by visions of prosumers, smart grids, demand side management, virtual power plants, and electric vehicle management. Smart technology and new business models will increase system complexity and the experience of uncertainty and risk for all parties. Actionability of the public's participation in the opportunities arising from the transformation of energy systems will become a problem. Methods: With a qualitative functionalist method, we analyze the prerequisites of the public's participation: the capacity of social mechanisms, such as trust, for the solution of social problems. Functional problems affect the continuation of communication, i.e., the possibility of the sustainment of social reality. We isolate three case studies that illustrate concrete effects of trust, distrust, and confidence on three parties, respectively: consumers, investors, and those affected by grid extensions. Results and conclusions: We argue that the social mechanisms of trust and confidence are more vital for consumers, investors, and those affected than previous research has noticed. These mechanisms determine the achievement of sustainability in energy systems by sustaining actionability as a favorable expectation (trust, confidence), or an unfavorable expectation (lack of trust, distrust). Even lack of trust and distrust can be valuable contributors on the road to sustainability, since they uncover flaws and setbacks of a fledgling smart grid.

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“…and not the damage to the cables and transformation stations itself. Furthermore, the secondary effects of outage outside the flooded area and interdependencies and cascading effects to other sectors are relevant to consider (Fekete 2011). Failure of, for example, the power network may affect a wide range of other infrastructures, e.g.…”

Section: Approach To the Analysis Of CI Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The storyline approach: a new way to analyse and improve flood event management

Bruijn

Lips²,

Gersonius

et al. 2015

Nat Hazards

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Common flood risk analyses often focus on direct impacts corresponding to the maximum depths of flood events. However, this information is not sufficient for risk communication, for the design of flood emergency plans and for the selection of risk management measures. For those issues, not only a static view of the maximum flood intensity is required, but also an understanding of the sequence of events from the rise of the threat to its recovery (including the action and reaction of actors). This paper discusses a new, additional approach to support flood risk management: the storyline approach, which serves to analyse the whole sequence of events during a flood. It starts from the initial rise of the flood threat, then describes the actual flooding and ends with the recovery from the flood impacts. It shows in a structured way the most important subsystems (water system, critical infrastructure system) and actors (water managers, local authorities, critical infrastructure operators, inhabitants) and their interactions. The application of the storyline approach to Dordrecht, the Netherlands, illustrates its use not only for flood event management, but also for the analysis of critical infrastructure vulnerability. The approach is designed to be applied in workshops with all relevant actors. The storylines support the communication of what might happen and help to develop consistent flood risk management strategies and emergency plans.

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Common criteria for the assessment of critical infrastructures

Cited by 94 publications

References 8 publications

Analysis of disruptions cascade effect within and between urban sociotechnical systems in a context of risks

Analysis of disruptions cascade effect within and between urban sociotechnical systems in a context of risks

“Trust” and “confidence” as socio-technical problems in the transformation of energy systems

The storyline approach: a new way to analyse and improve flood event management

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