Common dermatological conditions in the HIV patient

Motswaledi, H. M.

doi:10.1080/20786190.2019.1610234

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, women living with HIV in rural Tigray showed a significant increase in the frequency of seborrheic dermatitis. This data is in contrast with the low prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis in non-HIV infected population in the same area (1.7%), and also when compared to other African countries (5.2%−10%) 42,57,58 as well as American (9%), European (21%) and Asian (47%) studies. 55,59,60 Thus, in a population with such a low frequency of seborrheic dermatitis, its occurrence, particularly in females, should be considered a possible sign of HIV infection.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Skin manifestations and human immunodeficiency virus infection in the Tigray region, Ethiopia: Implications for clinical management and epidemiologic surveillance

Morrone,

Abril,

Cavallo

et al. 2024

JEADV Clinical Practice

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BackgroundPatients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may present a large variety of skin manifestations, often associated with significant morbidity. In turn, dermatological diseases may represent an early sign of HIV infection, particularly in resource‐limited settings.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the spectrum of dermatological diseases and their potential value as clinical proxies for the early detection and management of HIV in a rural region of Ethiopia.MethodsThe study was performed on a population of 67,161 patients with skin diseases attending the Italian Dermatological Center in Mekele, Tigray region, Ethiopia. HIV infection was diagnosed in 1892 individuals (1065 female), all naïve to antiretroviral therapy.ResultsInfectious skin diseases were present in 57.2% of the total HIV population. Among the infectious skin manifestations, dermatophytosis (20.5%), impetigo (5.9%), candidiasis (4.7%) and molluscum contagiosum (4.7%) were significantly more represented in patients with HIV infection (p < 0.001). Regarding the noninfectious manifestations, pruritus and atrophy of the papillae on the tongue were significantly associated with HIV (p < 0.001). Notably, females had a significantly higher incidence of dermatophytosis and seborrheic dermatitis as compared to their male counterparts (p < 0.001), whereas scabies, psoriasis and leishmaniasis were significantly more frequent in males (p < 0.001).ConclusionsSkin manifestations are common in HIV patients, often reflecting compromised immune status. In addition, Dermatophytosis and pruritus were the most frequently reported manifestations of HIV, thus representing useful clinical proxies to raise the suspicion of an underlying HIV infection. Besides, gender differences in skin manifestations should also be considered in the clinical evaluation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Skin manifestations and human immunodeficiency virus infection in the Tigray region, Ethiopia: Implications for clinical management and epidemiologic surveillance

Morrone,

Abril,

Cavallo

et al. 2024

JEADV Clinical Practice

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“…Infections have been opportunistic diseases associated with HIV-induced immunosuppression since the beginning of the HIV pandemic. In our study, skin, viral, bacterial, or fungal infections had a low prevalence compared to other studies (21,22) where infections were the most common dermatoses. Even in the case of a precarious immune status whereby the average value of CD4 + lymphocytes was below 100 cells/mm 3 , bacterial infections represented by folliculitis and impetigo had a low prevalence.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…The most common dermatological conditions diagnosed in PLWH in our group were those with polymorphic etiology, incompletely known with a cumulative prevalence of 43.7%. Of these, seborrheic dermatitis with a prevalence of 2.35-11.3% in the general population and 30-80% in PLWH (21,25,26) had a prevalence of 10.5% in our Romanian PLWH group, comparable to that in the general population and well below that reported in patients with HIV infection. Another dermatosis recently diagnosed and associated with HIV infection was cutaneous xerosis, with a prevalence of 5.2%; although some studies estimate that it has a prevalence of 20%, being a relatively common skin aspect in HIV infection (26).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…In addition, no cases of rosacea or cutaneous or palpebral demodicosis were identified (28). As our study shows, the prevalence of different dermatoses varies depending on the geographical region both in the general population (18)(19)(20)23,29,30) as well as in PLWH (17,21,22,26). At the same time, under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the image of dermatoses associated with decreased immunity from HIV infection was altered (Table III), a fact found and highlighted in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Perspectives on skin disorder diagnosis among people living with HIV in southeastern Romania

et al. 2020

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The beginnings of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic are closely linked to dermatological conditions. A large part of the population living with HIV (PLWH) has a series of skin conditions that determine at some point, a visit to the dermatologist. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) more than 20 years ago has diminished the range of dermatological conditions, with improved immunosuppression of CD4 lymphocytes. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of the diagnosed type of skin changes in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy and their stratification according to the degree of immunodeficiency. A prospective study was conducted on 57 PLWH evaluated monthly at an HIV outpatient clinic, from a tertiary hospital in southeastern Romania. Clinical examination and dermoscopy revealed the existence of a wide range of dermatological conditions; all 57 patients (100%) being diagnosed with one or more dermatological conditions. As our study shows, the prevalence of different dermatoses among PLWH varies depending on the geographical region. At the same time, under HAART, the image of dermatoses associated with decreased immunity from HIV infection has changed. The skin changes of PLWH no longer fully follow the classical staging, based on the degree of immunosuppression.

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Common dermatological conditions in the HIV patient

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Skin manifestations and human immunodeficiency virus infection in the Tigray region, Ethiopia: Implications for clinical management and epidemiologic surveillance

Skin manifestations and human immunodeficiency virus infection in the Tigray region, Ethiopia: Implications for clinical management and epidemiologic surveillance

Perspectives on skin disorder diagnosis among people living with HIV in southeastern Romania

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