Common genetic influences on intelligence and auditory simple reaction time in a large Swedish sample

Madison, Guy; Mosing, Miriam A.; Verweij, Karin J. H.; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Ullén, Fredrik

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2016.10.001

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This possibility was examined by comparing cross-sectional trends among both the participants’ and the dropouts’ general intelligence test scores. The validity of this approach is based on the fact that less intelligent individuals are more likely to drop out from studies in general (e.g., Deary and Der, 2005 , p. 193), and SRT and g are related to one another genetically ( Madison et al, in press ) and through a common phenotypic chronometric g -factor ( Verhaeghen and Salthouse, 1997 ). Scores on the Swedish Enlistment Battery (SEB) during conscription at 19 years of age were used for this purpose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular Slowing of Auditory Simple Reaction Time in Sweden (1959–1985)

Madison

Sänger

2016

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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There are indications that simple reaction time might have slowed in Western populations, based on both cohort- and multi-study comparisons. A possible limitation of the latter method in particular is measurement error stemming from methods variance, which results from the fact that instruments and experimental conditions change over time and between studies. We therefore set out to measure the simple auditory reaction time (SRT) of 7,081 individuals (2,997 males and 4,084 females) born in Sweden 1959–1985 (subjects were aged between 27 and 54 years at time of measurement). Depending on age cut-offs and adjustment for aging related slowing of SRT, the data indicate that SRT has increased by between 3 and 16 ms in the 27 birth years covered in the present sample. This slowing is unlikely to be explained by attrition, which was evaluated by comparing the general intelligence × birth-year interactions and standard deviations for both male participants and dropouts, utilizing military conscript cognitive ability data. The present result is consistent with previous studies employing alternative methods, and may indicate the operation of several synergistic factors, such as recent micro-evolutionary trends favoring lower g in Sweden and the effects of industrially produced neurotoxic substances on peripheral nerve conduction velocity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular Slowing of Auditory Simple Reaction Time in Sweden (1959–1985)

Madison

Sänger

2016

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Furthermore, it is possible that the lab participants were concentrated and motivated to perform well, whereas the crowdsourced participants may have taken the task less seriously because they were anonymous. Previous research shows that IQ and reaction time share a negative correlation ( Jensen, 2006 ; Madison, Mosing, Verweij, Pedersen, & Ullén, 2016 ). The lab participants, who were mostly students at a technical university, may have faster reaction times than the typical international crowdsourcing participant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Crowdsourced Measurement of Reaction Times to Audiovisual Stimuli With Various Degrees of Asynchrony

Bazilinskyy

Winter

2018

Hum Factors

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Objective:This study was designed to replicate past research concerning reaction times to audiovisual stimuli with different stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) using a large sample of crowdsourcing respondents.Background:Research has shown that reaction times are fastest when an auditory and a visual stimulus are presented simultaneously and that SOA causes an increase in reaction time, this increase being dependent on stimulus intensity. Research on audiovisual SOA has been conducted with small numbers of participants.Method:Participants (N = 1,823) each performed 176 reaction time trials consisting of 29 SOA levels and three visual intensity levels, using CrowdFlower, with a compensation of US$0.20 per participant. Results were verified with a local Web-in-lab study (N = 34).Results:The results replicated past research, with a V shape of mean reaction time as a function of SOA, the V shape being stronger for lower-intensity visual stimuli. The level of SOA affected mainly the right side of the reaction time distribution, whereas the fastest 5% was hardly affected. The variability of reaction times was higher for the crowdsourcing study than for the Web-in-lab study.Conclusion:Crowdsourcing is a promising medium for reaction time research that involves small temporal differences in stimulus presentation. The observed effects of SOA can be explained by an independent-channels mechanism and also by some participants not perceiving the auditory or visual stimulus, hardware variability, misinterpretation of the task instructions, or lapses in attention.Application:The obtained knowledge on the distribution of reaction times may benefit the design of warning systems.

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“…It is well established that intelligence is strongly heritable (for a summary see Plomin et al 2016). Twin studies show that also ISIP and reaction time have a heritable component, and that intelligence is genetically correlated with ISIP (Mosing et al 2016;Ullén et al 2015) and reaction time (Madison et al 2016;Sheppard and Vernon 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor timing training improves sustained attention performance but not fluid intelligence: near but not far transfer

2020

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Associations between cognitive and motor timing performance are documented in hundreds of studies. A core finding is a correlation of about − 0.3 to − 0.5 between psychometric intelligence and time interval production variability and reaction time, but the nature of the relationship remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether this relation is subject to near and far transfer across a battery of cognitive and timing tasks. These tasks were administered pre-and post-five daily 30 min sessions of sensorimotor synchronization training with feedback for every interval. The training group exhibited increased sustained attention performance in Conners' Continuous Performance Test II, but no change in the block design and figure weights subtests from the WAIS-IV. A passive control group exhibited no change in performance on any of the timing or cognitive tests. These findings provide evidence for a direct involvement of sustained attention in motor timing as well as near transfer from synchronization to unpaced serial interval production. Implications for the timing-cognition relationship are discussed in light of various putative timing mechanisms.

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Common genetic influences on intelligence and auditory simple reaction time in a large Swedish sample

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Secular Slowing of Auditory Simple Reaction Time in Sweden (1959–1985)

Secular Slowing of Auditory Simple Reaction Time in Sweden (1959–1985)

Crowdsourced Measurement of Reaction Times to Audiovisual Stimuli With Various Degrees of Asynchrony

Motor timing training improves sustained attention performance but not fluid intelligence: near but not far transfer

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