Common Life Stressors as Risk Markers for Intimate Partner Violence: A Meta-analysis

Keilholtz, Brooke; Spencer, Chelsea; Stith, Sandra M.

doi:10.1007/s10591-022-09633-w

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Previous research has found that stress, including relationship distress, mental health distress, financial stress (such as unemployment or low income), and physical health problems, is linked to IPV perpetration and victimization among men and women [26], all of which, as noted earlier, were increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are a number of negative symptoms associated with experiencing high levels of stress that could potentially lead to IPV perpetration, such as anger, challenges with regulating negative emotions, and mental health symptoms [27][28][29].…”

Section: Stressors and Ipvmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…IPV's association with stress [26], as well as the increase in stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic [15][16][17], are both well-documented. Although nearly all COVID-19 stressors which were examined were correlated with one another, only a few of these stressors were linked with IPV perpetration and victimization, suggesting that it may not be general stress that is linked to violence, but stress related to specific issues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19-Related Stress and Its Association with Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization

Keilholtz

Spencer

Vail

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive issue, and during the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been speculated that the prevalence rates of IPV increased. This paper aims to understand how pandemic-specific distress was related to experiencing and perpetrating IPV. Using self-reported survey data from 371 individuals living in the United States, this study used multiple logistic regressions to examine how reports of distress related to working from home, working outside the home, isolation, stay-at-home orders, mask mandates, physical and mental health, finances, interpersonal relationships, taking care of children, and online learning for children, as well as reports of partner conflict regarding COVID-19, were associated with physical, psychological, and sexual IPV perpetration and victimization. Our results indicated that distress related to family relationships, taking care of children, and COVID-19 as a source of conflict were all associated with an increased risk of IPV victimization, while distress related to mask mandates and friendships was associated with a decreased risk. Distress related to physical health, family relationships, taking care of children, and COVID-19 being a source of conflict were associated with an increased risk of IPV perpetration, while distress related to mental health and friendships was associated with a decreased risk. Implications for researchers and clinicians are discussed.

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Section: Stressors and Ipvmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Related Stress and Its Association with Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization

Keilholtz

Spencer

Vail

et al. 2023

Behavioral Sciences

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“…Multiple studies have identified and examined robust risk markers predictive of intimate partner violence [20,[24][25][26]29,44]. These findings provide crucial information for understanding and preventing the occurrence of IPV [44]. Using a meta-analysis, Keilholtz et al [44] examined several life stressors as risk markers for IPV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings provide crucial information for understanding and preventing the occurrence of IPV [44]. Using a meta-analysis, Keilholtz et al [44] examined several life stressors as risk markers for IPV. The results found that relational distress strongly predicted IPV and victimization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Perpetuation of Intimate Partner Violence and Family Support on Couples with an Incarcerated Partner

Tadros

Tate

2022

IJERPH

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The ripple effect of incarceration is multifaceted. Studies show that imprisonment impacts the well-being of intimate and extended familial relationships, parental involvement, and financial support. Using data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering [MFS-IP], this study examined the effects of incarceration on families. The focus of this study is to examine the effect of family support on perpetrating physical violence. The findings revealed that the actor effect for men (p < 0.05) is statistically significant, meaning that men with less family support perpetuate higher levels of intimate partner violence (IPV). The partner effects for men to women (p < 0.05) is also statistically significant, meaning women with less family support coincide with men’s higher levels of IPV perpetration. Further, the effect of romantic attachment on perpetrating physical violence for men (p = 0.034) is statistically significant, meaning higher levels of romantic attachment towards the female partner coincides with their lower levels of perpetration of IPV. Clinical implications and future directions are provided.

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“…Perpetrators are predominantly men (Fulu et al 2013 ). IPV perpetration has been associated with lower socioeconomic status, alcohol misuse, and childhood trauma (Fulu et al 2013 ; Keilholtz et al 2023 ; Shai et al 2019 ). The COVID-19 pandemic added economic hardship (Mahlangu et al 2022 ; Nyashanu et al 2020 ) and increases in IPV were observed globally (Mahlangu et al 2022 ; Nyashanu et al 2020 ; Peitzmeier et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic hardship and perpetration of intimate partner violence by young men in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021–2022): a cross-sectional study

Zharima,

Singh,

Closson

et al. 2024

Inj. Epidemiol.

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Background Economic hardship is a potential trigger for intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. While higher IPV rates have been reported in low-income regions, few African studies have focused on IPV being triggered by economic hardship among young men during the COVID-19 pandemic. We therefore estimated economic hardship’s effect on IPV perpetration by young men in eThekwini District, South Africa, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 pandemic experiences was conducted among youth aged 16–24 years through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, including questions about economic hardship (increased difficulty accessing food or decreased income) and IPV perpetration. A prespecified statistical analysis plan with a directed acyclic graph of assumed exposure, outcome, and confounder relationships guided our analyses. We measured association of economic hardship and IPV perpetration through odds ratios (ORs) computed from a multivariable logistic regressions adjusted for measured confounders. Secondary outcomes of physical and sexual IPV perpetration were analyzed separately using the same specifications. Propensity score matching weights (PS-MW) were used in sensitivity analyses. Analysis code repository: https://github.com/CAndrewBasham/Economic_Hardship_IPV_perpetration/ Results Among 592 participants, 12.5% reported perpetrating IPV, 67.6% of whom reported economic hardship, compared with 45.6% of those not reporting IPV perpetration (crude OR = 2.49). Median age was 22 years (interquartile range 20–24). Most (80%) were in a relationship and living together. Three quarters identified as Black, 92.1% were heterosexual, and half had monthly household income < R1600. We estimated an effect of economic hardship on the odds of perpetrating IPV as OR = 1.83 (CI 0.98–3.47) for IPV perpetration overall, OR = 6.99 (CI 1.85–36.59) for sexual IPV perpetration, and OR = 1.34 (CI 0.69–2.63) for physical IPV perpetration. PS-MW-weighted ORs for IPV perpetration by economic hardship were 1.57 (overall), 4.45 (sexual), and 1.26 (physical). Conclusion We estimated 83% higher odds of self-reported IPV perpetration by self-reported economic hardship among young South African men during the COVID-19 pandemic. The odds of sexual IPV perpetration were The seven-times higher by economic hardship, although with limited precision. Among young men in South Africa, economic hardship during COVID-19 was associated with IPV perpetration by men. Our findings warrant culturally relevant and youth-oriented interventions among young men to reduce the likelihood of IPV perpetration should they experience economic hardship. Further research into possible causal mechanisms between economic hardship and IPV perpetration could inform public health measures in future pandemic emergencies.

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Common Life Stressors as Risk Markers for Intimate Partner Violence: A Meta-analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

COVID-19-Related Stress and Its Association with Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization

COVID-19-Related Stress and Its Association with Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization

The Association between Perpetuation of Intimate Partner Violence and Family Support on Couples with an Incarcerated Partner

Economic hardship and perpetration of intimate partner violence by young men in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021–2022): a cross-sectional study

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