Common marmosets show social plasticity and group-level similarity in personality

Koski, Sonja E.; Burkart, Judith M.

doi:10.1038/srep08878

Cited by 80 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, our finding contradicts some other studies which found that, for example, in sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) the repeatability of boldness was affected by social conditions (Jolles et al. ) and in marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus ) explorative tendencies were less repeatable when individuals were tested alone compared to individuals tested in the presence of conspecifics (Koski and Burkart ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Social cues affect quantitative genetic variation and covariation in animal personality traits

2019

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The social environment is expected to have substantial effects on behavior, and as a consequence, its heritability and evolvability. We investigated these effects by exposing Australian field crickets (Teleogryllus oceanicus) to either silence or recordings of male acoustic sexual signals. We used a combined pedigree and full‐sib/half‐sib breeding design to estimate the repeatability, heritability, and evolvability of behaviors related to boldness, exploration, and activity. All behaviors measured were significantly repeatable in both social environments. Additionally, most behaviors showed significant heritabilities in the two environments. We found no difference in repeatabilities between the silent and the acoustic environment but did find significant differences in the heritabilities and evolvabilities between these environments. There was a high degree of similarity between the phenotypic covariance matrices across the two environments, while the genotypic covariance matrices were highly dissimilar. Reflecting this, we found significant genotype‐by‐environment interactions for most of the behaviors. Lastly, we found that the repeatable aspect of behavior (“personality”) was significantly heritable for most behaviors, but that these heritabilities were higher in the acoustic than in the silent environment. We conclude that the social environment can have a significant impact on the heritability and evolvability of behavior, and argue that evolutionary inferences from phenotypic studies should be made with caution.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Social cues affect quantitative genetic variation and covariation in animal personality traits

2019

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“…Consistent with past research (Inoue‐Murayama et al., ; Iwanicki & Lehmann, ; Koski & Burkart, ; Koski et al., ; Šlipogor et al., ), we found moderate to large reaction norm intercept repeatability (

R_{\overset{true~}{normalintercept}}

range: 0.33–0.91; see Figure a), providing evidence for personality across observational periods. As expected given our short focal sampling duration and observational methodology, which generally produce high observation–level variance (Martin & Suarez, ), long‐term (

R_{\overset{true~}{normallongterm}}

range: 0.04–0.31) and short‐term (

R_{\overset{true~}{normalshorterm}}

range: 0.06–0.38) repeatability estimates were low to moderate.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

TheEGA+GNMframework: An integrative approach to modelling behavioural syndromes

et al. 2018

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Behavioural syndromes refer to correlated suites of behavioural traits exhibiting consistent among‐individual variation, i.e. personality. Factor analysis (FA) is currently the dominant method for modelling behavioural syndromes in humans and animals. Although FA is useful for inferring the latent causes underlying trait correlations, it does not account for the pairwise behavioural interactions that also contribute to syndrome structure. Given that latent factors and pairwise interactions are likely ubiquitous causes of trait covariation, both should be modelled simultaneously. Currently, however, behavioural ecologists lack an integrative framework for describing and inferring such behavioural syndromes. Generalized network modelling (GNM), representing an integration of FA and Gaussian graphical modelling (GGM), meets this challenge. We provide a theoretical introduction to GNM as well as a method for detecting latent factors in GGMs called exploratory graph analysis (EGA). We then propose the novel EGA+GNM framework for modelling multiple sources of trait correlations and ensuring more robust causal inferences. To empirically demonstrate the utility of this framework, we compare models derived from EGA+GNM and FA using observational measures of social and arousal behaviour in common marmosets Callithrix jacchus. Using information‐theoretic model comparison, we find support for EGA+GNM models compared to models generated by FA. Two EGA+GNM models suggest that while latent factors contribute to the emergence of clustered sociability and arousal behaviours, correlations among these traits may also be partially explained by pairwise interactions. Additionally, these behavioural clusters are hypothesized to be causally linked by a positive pairwise interaction between allogrooming and activity level. These results support our claim that EGA+GNM provides a superior and integrative framework for describing behavioural syndromes. Consequently, by simultaneously modelling both latent factors and pairwise interactions, behavioural ecologists can better understand the evolutionary causes and consequences of animal personality. A formal overview of the EGA+GNM framework and a R tutorial demonstrating its application are provided in the electronic .

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“…Agonistic behavior was very rare and therefore not included in the analysis. All observations were performed by the same observer using an established protocol (see also Koski and Burkart [65]; a test for interobserver reliability with an independent observer resulted in 0.89% of agreement). An average of 173 ± 3.48 observation minutes was available for each individual.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongly bonded family members in common marmosets show synchronized fluctuations in oxytocin

Finkenwirth

Schaik

Ziegler

et al. 2015

Physiology & Behavior

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Oxytocin is a key regulator of social bonding and is positively linked to affiliation and prosocial behavior in several mammal species. In chimpanzees, this link is dyad-specific as affiliative interactions only elicit high oxytocin release if they involve strongly bonded individuals. These studies involved isolated dyads and sampling events. Little is known about the role of oxytocin in affiliation and social bonding, and about potential long-term patterns of bonding-related and dyad-specific oxytocin effects within highly affiliative and cooperative social groups. Our aim was to investigate whether bonding-related oxytocin signatures linked to dyadic affiliation are present in family groups of cooperatively breeding marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) that show high levels of cohesion and cooperation. In 30 dyads from four family groups and one pair, we measured urinary baseline oxytocin over six weeks and analyzed the link to bond strength (mean dyadic affiliation). Strongly bonded dyads showed synchronized longitudinal fluctuations of oxytocin, indicating that dyad-specific oxytocin effects can also be traced in the group context and in an interdependent species. We discuss these results in light of the potential function of differentiated relationships between marmoset dyads other than the breeding pair, and the role of oxytocin as a mediator for social bonding.

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Common marmosets show social plasticity and group-level similarity in personality

Cited by 80 publications

References 55 publications

Social cues affect quantitative genetic variation and covariation in animal personality traits

Social cues affect quantitative genetic variation and covariation in animal personality traits

TheEGA+GNMframework: An integrative approach to modelling behavioural syndromes

Strongly bonded family members in common marmosets show synchronized fluctuations in oxytocin

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