Common Mental Disorders and Sickness Absence

Mauramo, Elina; Lallukka, Tea; Lahelma, Eero; Pietiläinen, Olli; Rahkonen, Ossi

doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001289

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In our prior work, we have found CMD at different severity levels as well as changing and repeated CMD to be associated with subsequent self-certified short and medically certified long sickness absence spells as well as with diagnosis-specific sickness absence including sickness absence due to mental disorders and musculoskeletal diseases [25,32]. In addition, all-cause sickness absence and absence due to mental disorders were associated with poor mental health functioning in our cohort of midlife and ageing employees [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Previous evidence from studies of other European employee populations as well as of our own cohort shows that CMD are associated with an increased risk of subsequent sickness absence due to different diagnostic causes as well as of different durations [22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. To our knowledge, no previous studies have, however, investigated CMD among employees after medically certified diagnosis-specific or all-cause sickness absence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The 12 items amount to a total score of 0-12, which is commonly dichotomised at points of 1/2, 2/3 or 3/4. In this study, we used the cut-off point of 2/3, which has been used in previous studies of our cohort [25] and has also been recommended for employed populations in general [36]. Thus, participants with a total score of 0-2 were considered a reference group, and participants scoring 3-12 were considered to have CMD.…”

Section: Common Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These disorders may lead to poorer work ability, psychosocial functioning and quality of life among employees [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Previous studies have associated CMD with subsequent sickness absence [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, only a few of these studies have been able to examine sickness absence due to different diagnostic causes, and have mostly been limited to all-cause absence and mental causes [22,29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis-Specific Sickness Absence and Subsequent Common Mental Disorders: A Register-Linkage Cohort Study among Finnish Public Sector Employees

Mauramo

Lallukka

Mänty

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

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Sickness absence is associated with poor health outcomes, but little is known about its consequences for general mental health. This study examined the associations between diagnosis-specific sickness absence and subsequent common mental disorders (CMD). Register data on medically certified all-cause sickness absence and sickness absence due to mental disorders and musculoskeletal diseases from 2004–2007 were linked to the Helsinki Health Study 2007 and 2012 survey data on City of Helsinki employees in Finland (N = 3560). Using logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression, we analysed the associations between the total number of reimbursed sickness absence days in 2004-7 and CMD General Health Questionnaire 12) in 2007 and 2012 and CMD changes. Sickness absence due to mental disorders (age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR)range: 2.16 to 2.93), musculoskeletal diseases (OR range: 2.79 to 2.93) and all-cause sickness absence (OR range: 1.48 to 3.20) were associated with CMD in 2007. In 2012, associations with lower ORs were observed. Associations were also found with changing and especially repeated (OR range: 1.49 to 3.40) CMD. The associations remained after adjusting for work-related covariates and health behaviours. Diagnosis-specific sickness absence showed persistent associations with subsequent CMD and their changes. Attention should be paid to both the short- and long-term consequences of sickness absence for employee mental health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Common Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis-Specific Sickness Absence and Subsequent Common Mental Disorders: A Register-Linkage Cohort Study among Finnish Public Sector Employees

Mauramo

Lallukka

Mänty

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…As physical work is still prevalent, these results highlight the importance of early detection of risk groups to promote health and prevent the health problems from becoming chronic. Moreover, since SRH and CMD are both also predictors of subsequent work disability [18,[37][38][39], this emphasizes the need to focus on early prevention and potential modification of their risk factors such as working conditions. Associations between behavioral risk factors and general and mental health outcomes shown here and in previous studies [32,36,[40][41][42][43] further warrant interventions to promote physical activity and maintenance of healthy weight among young employees, with a higher risk of poorer health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of Entry into Paid Employment, Adverse Physical Work Exposures and Health: The Young Helsinki Health Study

Lallukka

Shiri

Pietiläinen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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It is not well known how the timing of entry into paid employment and physical work exposures contribute to different health outcomes in young employees. Thus, we determined the associations of age at entry into paid employment and physical work exposures with general and mental health in young employees and determined whether associations differ by behavior-related risk factors. Data were collected via online and mailed surveys in autumn 2017 from employees of the City of Helsinki aged 18–39 years (n = 5897; 4630 women and 1267 men, response rate 51.5%). Surveys comprised measures of age at entry into paid employment, seven working conditions, behavior-related risk factors and health outcomes (self-rated health [SRH] and common mental disorders [CMD] as generic indicators of physical and mental health). Logistic regression analysis was used. After full adjustment, age at entry was not associated with the health outcomes; however, in additional analyses, younger age at first employment was associated with smoking and obesity (OR 3.00, 95% CI 2.34–3.85 and 1.67, 95% CI 1.32–2.11 for those started working at age of ≤18 years, respectively). Of the working conditions, sitting and standing were positively associated with poor SRH and CMD and uncomfortable working postures with CMD. Working conditions were broadly similarly associated with health outcomes among those with and without behavior-related risk factors. Although we found little support for modification by behavior-related risk factors, overweight, obesity and smoking were associated with poor SRH and binge drinking and smoking with CMD. Additionally, moderate and high levels of leisure-time physical activity were inversely associated with poor SRH. In conclusion, early entry into paid employment appears not to associate to immediate poorer health in young employees, although it was associated with smoking and obesity even after full adjustment. Exposure to physically heavy work and uncomfortable working postures may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes.

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Sickness absence due to common mental disorders in young employees in Sweden: are there differences in occupational class and employment sector?

Björkenstam

Helgesson

Gustafsson

et al. 2021

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Background A large proportion of sickness absence (SA) in young adults is due to common mental disorders (CMDs). Still studies on CMD-related SA in young workers are lacking, especially studies for those employed in the private sector. The current study investigated the associations between sector of employment, occupational class and SA due to CMDs. In addition, associations between type of employment branch and SA due CMDs within each sector were examined. Methods This population-based longitudinal cohort study included 663,583 employees, 19–29 years, residing in Sweden in 2009. Employment sector (i.e., private/public) and occupational class (non-manual/manual workers) were measured in 2009. Risk estimates of SA due to CMDs, between 2010 and 2016, were calculated as Hazard Ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), using Cox regression analysis. Results Sector of employment was associated with SA due to CMDs, such that public sector workers had an elevated risk when compared with private sector employees (adjusted HR: 1.31 (95% CI 1.29–1.33). Moreover, manual workers had a slightly elevated risk for SA due to CMDs compared to non-manual workers. Within the private sector, in both manual and non-manual workers, those employed in education and health and social services evidenced the highest rates and risks of SA due to CMDs. Conclusion Sector of employment and occupational class play a role in SA due to CMDs in young employees. These findings should be considered when identifying high-risk groups for SA in the young working population.

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Common Mental Disorders and Sickness Absence

Abstract: Increasing severity of CMD increased the risk of short, intermediate, and long SA among Finnish employees. CMD should be tackled to prevent SA and promote work-ability among aging employees.

Cited by 17 publications

References 49 publications

Diagnosis-Specific Sickness Absence and Subsequent Common Mental Disorders: A Register-Linkage Cohort Study among Finnish Public Sector Employees

Diagnosis-Specific Sickness Absence and Subsequent Common Mental Disorders: A Register-Linkage Cohort Study among Finnish Public Sector Employees

Timing of Entry into Paid Employment, Adverse Physical Work Exposures and Health: The Young Helsinki Health Study

Sickness absence due to common mental disorders in young employees in Sweden: are there differences in occupational class and employment sector?

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