Common pathogenic bacteria-induced reprogramming of the host proteinogenic amino acids metabolism

Abstract

Apart from cancer, metabolic reprogramming is also prevalent in other diseases, such as bacterial infections. Bacterial infections can affect a variety of cells, tissues, organs, and bodies, leading to a series of clinical diseases. Common Pathogenic bacteria include Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella enterica, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, and so on. Amino acids are important and essential nutrients in bacterial physiology and support not only their proliferation but also their evasion of host immune defenses. Many pathogenic bacteria or opportunistic pathogens infect the host and lead to significant changes in metabolites, especially the proteinogenic amino acids, to inhibit the host’s immune mechanism to achieve its immune evasion and pathogenicity. Here, we review the regulation of host metabolism, while host cells are infected by some common pathogenic bacteria, and discuss how amino acids of metabolic reprogramming affect bacterial infections, revealing the potential adjunctive application of amino acids alongside antibiotics.

Scrutinizing the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potency of European Cranberry Bush (Viburnum opulus L.) Extracts

“…Along with the undebatable physiological benefits inherent to amino acids (AAs) [46], which were long considered simply building blocks for protein synthesis [46], it has recently been shown that AAs act not only as growth-promoting substrates for pathogenic bacteria and opportunistic pathogens, but they also support the bacteria evasion that occurs in host immune defense [47]. Therefore, as in the case of saccharides, the profile and concentrations of individual free amino acids in V. opulus extracts were specified for the first time.…”