Common Poisonings Including Heavy Metal Poisoning

Dasgupta, Amitava; Wahed, Amer

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407821-5.00019-x

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Whereas, 4-cyclopentene-1, 3-dione (28.69%), the second major component of in the essential oil has antifungal [35] and anticancer activity [36]. The other eight bioactive components of the essential oil, with their various pharmacological activities have been reported in many studies as antioxidant, anticancer, antiulcer, anticonvulsant, antihypertensive, and antinociceptive [37], favouring agent, analgesic, antiinflammatory, and rubefacient/counterirritant properties [38].…”

Section: Extraction and Characterization Of Compounds From The Essent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary metabolites and essential oil analysis of Clematis simensis with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

Dilnesa Gashaw,

Gebreheiwot Bedane,

Mamo

et al. 2024

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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Clematis simensis is one of the most commonly used folk medicines in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to investigate the chemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aerial part of Clematis simensis, and analysis of the composition of its essential oil. The phytochemical study led to the isolation of five compounds: 1-tricosanol (1), 1-hexacosanol (2), 2-deoxy-D-ribono-1,4-lactone (3), 5-hydroxylevulinic acid (4), and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (5). Their chemical structures were determined by a comprehensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and 1D/2D NMR experiments. The chemical compositions of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial part of Clematis semenses were determined by GC-MS, which led to the detection of ten major compounds: (E)-2-nonen-1-ol (38.33%), 4-cyclopentene-1,3-dione (28.69%), cyclofenchene (5.65%), benzene acetaldehyde (4.74%), methyl salicylate (2.77%), salicylaldehyde (2.68%), benzaldehyde (2.60%), α-terpineol (2.10%), eucalyptol (1.21%), and 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanol (1.15%). Compound 4 showed high antioxidant activity (IC50 14.89 μg/mL) but has no antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. According to the antimicrobial parameters, crude extract showed very weak activity at 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, and 125 mg/mL. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of secondary metabolites from Clematis simensis. KEY WORDS: Clematis simensis, Essential oil, Phytochemical investigation, Biological activities Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(4), 1037-1049. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i4.18

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Section: Extraction and Characterization Of Compounds From The Essent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary metabolites and essential oil analysis of Clematis simensis with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

Dilnesa Gashaw,

Gebreheiwot Bedane,

Mamo

et al. 2024

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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“…Metil salisilat merupakan senyawa turunan dari ester asam salisilat. Metil salisilat memiliki efek sebagai analgesik dan antiinflamasi, namun penggunaan melalui oral akan menyebabkan iritasi pada lambung karena metil salisilat bersifat toksik 26 .…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Identification of Essential Oils From The Bark of Balik Angin (Alphitonia Incana (Roxb.) Teijsm. & Binn. Ex Kurz)

Nurjanah

Ramadhan

Faradillah

et al. 2022

IJPST

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One of the components that make up essential oils is phenolic compounds which are widely containedin the leaves and bark of the Balik Angin plant (Alphitonia incana (Roxb.) Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz).This study aimed to identify phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of essential oils from thebark of the Balik Angin plant. The essential oils isolation using hydrodistillation and the compoundswere analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Qualitatively antioxidantactivity test used thin layer chromatography (TLC) and quantitatively by measuring the absorbance of2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals residue that did not react against compounds reducer.The results showed the essential oils contain major compounds which are methyl salicylate followedby methyl palmitate, 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione, and methyl 12-acetoxyoleate. Qualitativetest results of antioxidant activity with TLC there were four yellow spots on a purple background. Thescavenging activity showed the essential oils had an IC50 of 229.056 ppm, while the gallic acid as acomparative standard obtained an IC50 of 0.618 ppm. The conclusion is the essential oils of BalikAngin bark that produces very weak antioxidant activity.

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“…Cyanohemoglobin (HbCN) is a hemoglobin (Hb) adduct containing a low-spin (LS) ferric heme with a bonded cyanide ion (CN – ). − This adduct is often considered to be the main reason for severe hypoxia and eventually death during cyanide poisoning; , however, it is not more toxic than methemoglobin (metHb) itself; it is yet another form of physiologically nonfunctional ferric Hb, unable to bind and transport oxygen molecules . Due to its stability, HbCN adducts are often used in the determination of the total Hb concentration in the blood using absorption spectroscopy. , In the absence of any steric hindrance, as in the case of free iron protoporphyrin IX, cyanide anion binds to ferric heme in a strictly linear geometry, perpendicular to the heme macrocycle plane, , similar to the ferrous CO adducts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Heme Active Sites of Hemoglobin in Functional Red Blood Cells Using Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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The UV–vis absorption, Raman imaging, and resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy methods were employed to study cyanohemoglobin (HbCN) adducts inside living functional red blood cells (RBCs). The cyanide ligands are especially optically sensitive probes of the active site environment of heme proteins. The rR studies of HbCN and its isotopic analogues ( 13 CN – , C 15 N – , and 13 C 15 N – ), as well as a careful deconvolution of spectral data, revealed that the ν(Fe–CN) stretching, δ(Fe–CN) bending, and ν(C≡N) stretching modes occur at 454, 382, and 2123 cm –1 , respectively. Interestingly, while the ν(Fe–CN) modes exhibit the same frequencies in both the isolated and RBC-enclosed hemoglobin molecules, small frequency differences are observed in the δ(Fe–CN) bending modes and the values of their isotopic shifts. These studies show that even though the overall tilted conformation of the Fe–C≡N fragment in the isolated HbCN is preserved in the HbCN enclosed within living cells, there is a small difference in the degree of distortion of the Fe–C≡N fragment. The slight changes in the ligand geometry can be reasonably attributed to the high ordering and tight packing of Hb molecules inside RBCs.

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Common Poisonings Including Heavy Metal Poisoning

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Secondary metabolites and essential oil analysis of Clematis simensis with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

Secondary metabolites and essential oil analysis of Clematis simensis with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

Identification of Essential Oils From The Bark of Balik Angin (Alphitonia Incana (Roxb.) Teijsm. & Binn. Ex Kurz)

Probing Heme Active Sites of Hemoglobin in Functional Red Blood Cells Using Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

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