Commonly Used Disinfectants Fail To Eradicate Salmonella enterica Biofilms from Food Contact Surface Materials

Corcoran, Mary; Morris, Dearbháile; Lappe, Niall De; O’Connor, Jacqueline; Lalor, Pierce; Dockery, Peter; Cormican, Martin

doi:10.1128/aem.03109-13

Cited by 175 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The biofilm forming ability of Salmonella on various surfaces, such as glass, stainless steel, polycarbonate, concrete, tile, acrylic and polystyrene, has been well documented [8][9][10][11][12]. However, most of these studies have focused on the impacts of environmental conditions on the later stage of Salmonella biofilm formation (at least after incubation for 24 h) and relatively little attention has been paid to its initial attachment which is one of the critical steps in the biofilm development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preacclimation alters Salmonella Enteritidis surface properties and its initial attachment to food contact surfaces

Yang

Kumar

Zheng

et al. 2015

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preacclimation alters Salmonella Enteritidis surface properties and its initial attachment to food contact surfaces

Yang

Kumar

Zheng

et al. 2015

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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“…The microscopic appearance of Salmonella biofilm formed on the food processing surfaces changes over time. Morphologically more adherent and dense biofilm was observed by SEM at 168 h compared with 48 h on surfaces in food processing environments (Corcoran et al 2014). The SEM images in the present study provided evidence that isolates of Salmonella serovars recovered from layer farm environments are capable of attaching and forming biofilms on the eggshell surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Salmonella enterica isolates from layer farm environments are able to form biofilm on eggshell surfaces

2016

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This study examined the eggshell biofilm forming ability of Salmonella enterica isolates recovered from egg farms. Multicellular behaviour and biofilm production were examined at 22 and 37°C by Congo red morphology and the crystal violet staining assay. The results indicated that the biofilm forming behaviour of Salmonella isolates was dependent on temperature and associated with serovars. Significantly greater biofilm production was observed at 22°C compared with 37°C. The number of viable biofilm cells attached to eggshells after incubation for 48 h at 22°C was significantly influenced by serovar. Scanning electron microscopic examination revealed firm attachment of bacterial cells to the eggshell surface. The relative expression of csgD and adrA gene was significantly higher in eggshell biofilm cells of S. Mbandaka and S. Oranienburg. These findings demonstrate that Salmonella isolates are capable of forming biofilm on the eggshell surface and that this behaviour is influenced by temperature and serovar.

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“…However, in the present study, it was demonstrated that BC at 0.125% has an inadequate bactericidal effect against S. enterica serovar Typhimurium biofilm cells, resulting only in a 2-log reduction, whereas a sufficient 6-log reduction was achieved only with BC 0.25% (Table 2). Similarly, 0.02% BC failed to eradicate 48 h S. enterica serovar Typhimurium biofilm on concrete (only 0.22-log reduction) (66). It was also reported that BC 0.75% was required to eradicate 3-day biofilms of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (65).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrosol of Thymbra capitata Is a Highly Efficient Biocide against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Biofilms

Karampoula

Giaouris

Deschamps

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Salmonella is recognized as one of the most significant enteric foodborne bacterial pathogens. In recent years, the resistance of pathogens to biocides and other environmental stresses, especially when they are embedded in biofilm structures, has led to the search for and development of novel antimicrobial strategies capable of displaying both high efficiency and safety. In this direction, the aims of the present work were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydrosol of the Mediterranean spice Thymbra capitata against both planktonic and biofilm cells of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and to compare its action with that of benzalkonium chloride (BC), a commonly used industrial biocide. In order to achieve this, the disinfectant activity following 6-min treatments was comparatively evaluated for both disinfectants by calculating the concentrations needed to achieve the same log reductions against both types of cells. Their bactericidal effect against biofilm cells was also comparatively determined by in situ and real-time visualization of cell inactivation through the use of time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Interestingly, results revealed that hydrosol was almost equally effective against biofilms and planktonic cells, whereas a 200-times-higher concentration of BC was needed to achieve the same effect against biofilm compared to planktonic cells. Similarly, time-lapse CLSM revealed the significant advantage of the hydrosol to easily penetrate within the biofilm structure and quickly kill the cells, despite the three-dimensional (3D) structure of Salmonella biofilm. IMPORTANCEThe results of this paper highlight the significant antimicrobial action of a natural compound, hydrosol of Thymbra capitata, against both planktonic and biofilm cells of a common foodborne pathogen. Hydrosol has numerous advantages as a disinfectant of food-contact surfaces. It is an aqueous solution which can easily be rinsed out from surfaces, it does not have the strong smell of the essential oil (EO) and it is a byproduct of the EO distillation procedure without any industrial application until now. Consequently, hydrosol obviously could be of great value to combat biofilms and thus to improve product safety not only for the food industries but probably also for many other industries which experience biofilm-related problems.

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Commonly Used Disinfectants Fail To Eradicate Salmonella enterica Biofilms from Food Contact Surface Materials

Cited by 175 publications

References 55 publications

Preacclimation alters Salmonella Enteritidis surface properties and its initial attachment to food contact surfaces

Preacclimation alters Salmonella Enteritidis surface properties and its initial attachment to food contact surfaces

Salmonella enterica isolates from layer farm environments are able to form biofilm on eggshell surfaces

Hydrosol of Thymbra capitata Is a Highly Efficient Biocide against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Biofilms

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