Communal Roosting of Wintering Red Kites<i>Milvus milvus</i>(Aves, Accipitridae): Social Feeding Strategies for the Exploitation of Food Resources

Hiraldo, Fernando; Heredia, Borja; Alonso, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1993.tb00983.x

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These values were substantially higher than those of home ranges from other areas (i.e. UK, Germany, and Spain) where wintered Red Kites were studied formerly, but the results were based on less precise methods of direct observations (Weir 1973), radio-tracking and sightings of wing-tagged individuals (Heredia et al 1991, Hiraldo et al 1993, 1995, Hellmann 1996, Carter & Grice 2000, Nachtigall et al 2003.…”

Section: Red Kite Winter Grounds In Se Europementioning

confidence: 70%

“…This paper aimed to i) identify Red Kite winter grounds in south-east Europe and estimate their home ranges, ii) characterize habitats preferred by Red Kites for wintering in south-east Europe, and iii) characterize an occurrence of Black Kites wintering together with Red Kites in this area. We were able to compare data about sympatrically wintering Red Kites and Black Kites from south-east Europe with such data regarding Red Kites obtained from other European countries and bird populations, including the United Kingdom (Weir 1973, Carter & Grice 2000, Spain (Heredia et al 1991, Hiraldo et al 1993, 1995, Portugal (Ferreira et al 2014(Ferreira et al -2015, France (Valet 1975), Germany (Hellmann 1996, Nachtigall et al 2003, Pfeiffer & Meyburg 2009, and to compare the data with recent results on this topic presented at the International Red Kite Symposia in 2009 and 2015 (David 2009, De La Puente & De La Torre 2015. Information about habitat demands of Red Kites originated from Austria, Czech Republic, and Slovakia and wintering in south-east Europe can be useful in protecting this raptor species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sympatric wintering of Red Kites and Black Kites in south-east Europe

Horal¹,

Raab²,

Matušík³

et al. 2019

Acta Zool Acad Sci H

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We characterized the spatiotemporal activities in winter grounds of the tagged Red Kites Milvus milvus originated from Austria, Czech Republic and Slovakia and wintering in southeast Europe. Birds arrived to winter grounds in Hungary, Croatia, and Greece from 10 July to 12 December (median 22 October) and departed from winter grounds between 14 February and 22 May (median 14 March), thus staying at winter grounds from 121 to 229 days (median 145, mean 161±43 SD). If we regarded kernel density estimate 80% (area of main foraging and roosting activities) as the best indicator as to the size of home range, we revealed that the size of a home range for Red Kites staying at one place through the entire winter was from 10 to 108 km 2 (median 72, mean 60±36 SD) and that the size of home range for birds with local shift(s) in winter grounds was from 344 to 620 km 2 (median 434, mean 466±115 SD). We found not only Red Kites at these places but often also Black Kites Milvus migrans. The numbers of Black Kites wintering together with Red Kites were higher than the number of Red Kites at all Greek winter grounds. At winter grounds in Hungary and Croatia, the number of Black Kites was lower than the number of Red Kites or Black Kites were wholly absent. Sympatric occurrences according to only direct observations of wintering Red and Black Kites were found also in some other locations in Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece and Hungary.

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Section: Red Kite Winter Grounds In Se Europementioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympatric wintering of Red Kites and Black Kites in south-east Europe

Horal¹,

Raab²,

Matušík³

et al. 2019

Acta Zool Acad Sci H

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“…This study highlights the important role that the availability and predictability of food resources may play in the establishment of foreign naive red kites in wintering areas, especially when distinguishing between areas differing in the offer of wild prey versus livestock carrion. Wild prey as well as dispersed and relatively unpredictable carcasses of ruminants grazing freely cannot lead to large concentrated numbers of wintering individuals (Hiraldo et al 1993;Viñuela et al 1999;Cortés-Avizanda et al 2010;Sebastián-González et al 2013). Thus, the wintering population in north-eastern Madrid showed a stable trend around 100 individuals that began to increase in the last few years, coinciding with the recovery of wild rabbit populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the factors that determine the exploitation of wild prey and livestock carrion in wintering areas remain generally unknown. It has been argued that variable spatial-temporal distribution and abundance of food as well as food preference according to experience and knowledge of the wintering area may determine the exploitation of different resources (Hiraldo et al 1993). In addition to livestock carcasses, wild prey can greatly fluctuate in abundance due to natural and human-induced causes (Moleón et al 2008;Fargallo et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can livestock carrion availability influence diet of wintering red kites? Implications of sanitary policies in ecosystem services and conservation

Blanco

2014

Population Ecology

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The diet of wintering red kites Milvus milvus over the last decade in central Spain was recorded to evaluate the influence of sanitary policies on carcasses use. The results show major differences in diet composition of red kites wintering in areas with and without availability of livestock carcasses. In the area without livestock carcasses (north‐western Madrid province), red kites fed on a similarly large proportion of wild lagomorphs across the study period. In the area with livestock farming (Segovia province), red kites exploited carcasses from different livestock schemes (stabled livestock—primarily swine—versus free‐ranging ruminants) depending on changing sanitary regulations as consequence of the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy or ‘mad cow’ crisis initiated in 2001. During the period of restrictive sanitary legislation (after the ‘mad cow’ crisis) that greatly limited the use of animal by‐products from ruminants as food for avian scavengers, kites mostly predated on common voles and scavenged on swine carcasses. After the implementation of the less restrictive regulations (since 2011; regulations CE1069/2009, CE142/2011) that again permitted the abandonment of extensive livestock remains in the countryside and in feeding stations, the proportion of ruminants in the kites’ diet increased while the proportion of swine carrion decreased. Carcass dumps acted as temporally and spatially predictable sources of abundant food from stabled livestock before and even just after the mad‐cow crisis, but become relatively unpredictable foraging places afterwards due to the generalized carrion destruction in authorized plants, primarily of swine considered as non‐risk for the transmission of the bovine encephalopathy. This illustrates the deep and sometimes unexpected consequences that sanitary policies can impose on the composition and availability of food resources for scavenger wildlife. Much effort is still required to reconcile sanitary and environmental policies in order to ensure the conservation of avian scavengers and the provision of ecosystem services.

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“…Ward & Zahavi (1973) first proposed that roosts can be an "information centre" for unsuccessful birds in detecting good foraging areas. This hypothesis was applied in describing foraging behaviour in some raptor species as red kite Milvus migrans L., 1758 (Hiraldo et al 1993). Other authors underline that foragers can recruit new companions at the roosts to increase their group size (Evans 1982;Richner & Hebb 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed roosts in the Montagu’s harrier Circus pygargus during courtship

Wiącek¹

2010

Biologia

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Mixed communal roosting of Montagu's harrier Circus pygargus in the pre-laying period was observed on Calcareous Marshes in Eastern Poland from 1992 to 1995. To my knowledge, this behaviour was described in literature for the first time. The communal roosting in Montagu's harrier during courtship can help in estimation of mate attraction and finally in mate choice. Harriers from communal roosts start egg laying earlier when compared to the outside roosts. Communal roosting as anti-predator behaviour can help with predator detection and provides benefits to all members of the group. The pair formation process has led to disintegration of communal roosting. Males were more common in the roosting places than females. The time of roosting was correlated with the photoperiod. The weather and predators impact delayed the formation of mixed roosting places.

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Communal Roosting of Wintering Red KitesMilvus milvus(Aves, Accipitridae): Social Feeding Strategies for the Exploitation of Food Resources

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Sympatric wintering of Red Kites and Black Kites in south-east Europe

Sympatric wintering of Red Kites and Black Kites in south-east Europe

Can livestock carrion availability influence diet of wintering red kites? Implications of sanitary policies in ecosystem services and conservation

Mixed roosts in the Montagu’s harrier Circus pygargus during courtship

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