Communicable disease associated with milk and dairy products in England and Wales 1951-80.

Galbraith, N. S.; Forbes, P; Clifford, Caitlin

doi:10.1136/bmj.284.6331.1761

Cited by 50 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The problems associated with the consumption of raw cow's milk in the United Kingdom have been well documented (Galbraith, Forbes & Clifford, 1982) but reports of illness attributed to raw goat's milk are rare. The results of this survey indicate that goat's milk is a reasonably safe product.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological aspects of goat's milk. A Public Health Laboratory Service survey

Roberts

1985

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYIn a 12-month survey (June 1982-May 1983 41 laboratories examined 2493 samples of goat's milk for colony counts and the presence of pathogens. The statutory tests for cow's milk were also applied.Surface counts of < 105 organisms per ml of raw milk were given by 7900 of samples at 37°C and by 760 at 22 'C. There were < 100 coliforms per ml in 71 00 of samples, < 10 Escherichia coli per ml in 91 00. Staphylococcus Experiments on the survival and growth of six food poisoning organisms in stored goat's milk showed that Bacillus cereus, Staph. aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Y. enterocolitica survived quite well and multiplied at the higher storage temperature of 30 'C. Clostridium perfringens only increased 10-to 100-fold while Campylobacterjejuni did not grow.The results of the survey indicate that any problems with goat's milk relate to poor hygiene during production rather than transmission of organisms from the goat herself.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological aspects of goat's milk. A Public Health Laboratory Service survey

Roberts

1985

J. Hyg.

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“…Incidents of human infection by this organism are, however, rare. Galbraith, Forbes & Clifford (1982) recorded only four cases of C. ulcerans infection between 1951 and 1980 in England and Wales. These were the cases reported by Meers (1979).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacterium ulcerans in humans and cattle in North Devon

Hart

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYA case of Corynebacterium ulcerans sore throat in a community that drank raw milk from its own farm led to the discovery of another symptomless human infection. Eight cows in the herd were found to be infected and the intermittent pattern of excretion was demonstrated in another cow followed through its lactation. Further evidence of milk infected by C. ulcerans was found by examining all raw milk samples submitted to the laboratory. Two other human cases were diagnosed in Devon during the period of this investigation.

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“…In England and Wales during 1951-87, cheese was implicated as the vehicle of infection in 29 outbreaks of communicable disease reported to CDSC [1][2][3][4][5]. Of the 29 cheese related outbreaks 12 involved cheddar cheese and of the remaining 17; one in 1965, involved Stilton; another involved canned cheese from American; one farmhouse Cheshire; one homemade soft cheese; one Romanian hard cheese; one Camembert; one Gorgonzola; one Pecorino; and one 'red' cheese.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large outbreak of food poisoning of unknown aetiology associated with Stilton cheese

Maguire¹,

Boyle

Lewis

et al. 1991

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYBetween November 1988 and January 1989, a total of 155 people in 36 reported outbreaks suffered gastrointestinal symptoms associated with eating Stilton cheese, produced from unpasteurized cow's milk in the English midlands. Symptoms were suggestive of a staphylococcal illness but extensive laboratory testing of cheeses implicated in several of the outbreaks failed to detect any pathogen, toxin or chemical. Control measures were implemented, and included a voluntary withdrawal of the implicated Stilton cheese from sale on 23 January 1989 and a subsequent decision to use pasteurized milk in production of the cheese.

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Communicable disease associated with milk and dairy products in England and Wales 1951-80.

Abstract: In England and Wales between 1951 and 1980 233

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Microbiological aspects of goat's milk. A Public Health Laboratory Service survey

Microbiological aspects of goat's milk. A Public Health Laboratory Service survey

Corynebacterium ulcerans in humans and cattle in North Devon

A large outbreak of food poisoning of unknown aetiology associated with Stilton cheese

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