Communicating THC levels and ‘dose’ to consumers: Implications for product labelling and packaging of cannabis products in regulated markets

Hammond, David

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.07.004

Cited by 72 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Evidence from multiple jurisdictions with a legal cannabis retail market has demonstrated that consumers often have very little understanding of product labelling information ( 75 ). For example, data collected as part of an online cross-sectional survey conducted among youth and young adults in Canada in October 2017 found that participants had limited understanding of quantitative THC labelling ( 76 ).…”

Section: Approaches To Minimizing Acute Harms: Recommendations For Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Canada, THC dose information is currently presented in a way that is likely confusing to consumers, i.e. displaying a “total THC amount” that includes both THC and its inactive acid precursor THCA, as well as a “THC amount” that excludes THCA ( 75 ). Another study that conducted focus groups in Colorado and Washington states in February 2016 found that consumers had limited familiarity with labels on edible products, and had difficulty interpreting doses expressed in mg ( 77 ).…”

Section: Approaches To Minimizing Acute Harms: Recommendations For Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabis Legalization and Acute Harm From High Potency Cannabis Products: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Public Health

Matheson

Foll

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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Legalization and commercial sale of non-medical cannabis has led to increasing diversity and potency of cannabis products. Some of the American states that were the first to legalize have seen rises in acute harms associated with cannabis use, e.g. Colorado has seen increases in emergency department visits for cannabis-related acute psychological distress and severe vomiting (hyperemesis), as well as a number of high-profile deaths related to ingestion of high doses of cannabis edibles. Over-ingestion of cannabis is related to multiple factors, including the sale of cannabis products with high levels of THC and consumers’ confusion regarding labelling of cannabis products, which disproportionately impact new or inexperienced users. Based on our review of the literature, we propose three approaches to minimizing acute harms: early restriction of cannabis edibles and high-potency products; clear and consistent labelling that communicates dose/serving size and health risks; and implementation of robust data collection frameworks to monitor harms, broken down by cannabis product type (e.g. dose, potency, route of administration) and consumer characteristics (e.g. age, sex, gender, ethnicity). Ongoing data collection and monitoring of harms in jurisdictions that have existing legal cannabis laws will be vital to understanding the impact of cannabis legalization and maximizing public health benefits.

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Section: Approaches To Minimizing Acute Harms: Recommendations For Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Approaches To Minimizing Acute Harms: Recommendations For Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Legalization and Acute Harm From High Potency Cannabis Products: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Public Health

Matheson

Foll

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Cannabis cookies were examined after an informal scan of ICRs revealed cookies to be the most common edible; however, the findings on cannabis cookies may not be indicative of other edibles. Edibles have been associated with an increased risk of adverse events and health‐care interactions due to overconsumption and problems with effective ‘dosing’ . In an effort to address this issue, Canada has set a regulatory precedent by requiring that edible products contain no more than 10 mg of THC in each product .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability, retail price and potency of legal and illegal cannabis in Canada after recreational cannabis legalisation

Mahamad

Wadsworth

Rynard

et al. 2020

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction and Aims. There is little objective market data on the price or potency of legal and illegal cannabis products following recreational cannabis legalisation. Design and Methods. In the 2 months post-legalisation in Canada (November-December 2018), legal and illegal cannabis retailers were identified from government lists and online directories. The store location, price and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol levels of dried herb and cannabis cookies were collected from retailer websites or Weedmaps. Results. We identified 185 legal retailers (22 online stores, 163 storefronts; 65 government-run stores, 120 private stores) and 944 illegal retailers (791 delivery-only services, 157 storefronts). Relative to legal dried herb, illegal dried herb was lower in price (1 g: $10.23 vs. $11.08, In the 2 months post-legalisation, illegal cannabis was less expensive, with higher labelled THC content than legal cannabis, although the scope of these differences was more modest than estimates from other crowdsourced and self-reported data. Direct monitoring of cannabis price and potency from legal and illegal retailers is needed to examine the impact of legalisation over time. [Mahamad S, Wadsworth E, Rynard V, Goodman S, Hammond D. Availability, retail price and potency of legal and illegal cannabis in Canada after recreational cannabis legalisation. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020;39: [337][338][339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346]

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“…Despite this, even while following dosing recommendations, individuals' responses to different products may vary and overdosing may still occur, with cannabisnaive individuals particularly at risk. 4 Two populations at high risk of harm from cannabis edibles are children and older adults. Children (and pets) are at risk of accidental ingestion and overconsumption of cannabis because many edibles resemble candy or other food and drink.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health considerations of the legalization of cannabis edibles

Grewal

Loh

2020

CMAJ

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Communicating THC levels and ‘dose’ to consumers: Implications for product labelling and packaging of cannabis products in regulated markets

Cited by 72 publications

References 41 publications

Cannabis Legalization and Acute Harm From High Potency Cannabis Products: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Public Health

Cannabis Legalization and Acute Harm From High Potency Cannabis Products: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Public Health

Availability, retail price and potency of legal and illegal cannabis in Canada after recreational cannabis legalisation

Health considerations of the legalization of cannabis edibles

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