“…According to Porter and Lee (2013), Pharmaceutical chains and relationships are centered on competing branded medicines and exposed to complex interactions between various players such as government bodies, health-care providers and manufacturing firms (Goswami et al, 2016).In the past, pharmaceutical firms did not adopt supply chain management concepts but today several factors are pressing pharmaceutical firms to change their traditional manners of conducting business (Ahmad et al, 2012). This supply chain is more complex and different from other industry supply chains as it handles a diversity of items in widely varying quantities in response to the large number of diagnosis types and procedures (AbuKhousa et al, 2014), and also because it requires the participation of different stakeholders such as pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, In Kenya most pharmaceutical firms act as distributors importing directly from manufacturers overseas, arrange shipment of goods from country of origin and customs clearance and handle the domestic sales of the products (Chopra & Meindl, 2013).…”