Communication, Inquiring, Networking, Teaching, Applying (CINTA) as an Effective Learning Model to Improve Students‟ Critical and Creative Thinking Skills

Abstract

COVID-19 outbreak has changed the education system worldwide including in Indonesia. Face-to-face learning must be transformed into online learning. This might not be difficult for those who were familiar with technology, but it became a big problem for those who were very poor in technology. Many things have been done by educators to overcome the problems they experienced during the pandemic because the distance between students and teachers in carrying out learning activities could not achieve optimal learning objectives. This study was conducted to design an effective learning model for both online and offline learning to improve students’ critical and creative thinking skills by integrating the phases of learning which include Communicating, Inquiring, Networking, Teaching, and Applying (CINTA). This CINTA learning model was developed to enable teachers to coordinate and network during the learning activities. The results showed that the CINTA learning model could develop students' critical and creative thinking skills in the learning process. This model provides students with the opportunity to be creative in learning and to develop their critical thinking skills. Furthermore, this study implies that educators should consider implementing this learning model in the classroom to improve students’ critical thinking skills.

Learning loss: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the students’ psychosocial condition

“…Furthermore, Gaytan and McEwen (2007); Widiastuti, Krismayani, Murtini, and Nyoman (2022) describe that there are many strategies that can be implemented in online learning. The strategies used by the teachers certainly may help students learn.…”

“…It tests basic ideas about concentration, the role of technology and the way students, teachers and parents interact throughout teaching and learning activities (Widiastuti, Mantra, Sukoco, & Santosa, 2021)which affect the conditions of the learning carried out. Students in Indonesia experience learning loss especially those who come from marginalized circles such as those who live in remote areas (Widiastuti, Mantra, & Sukoco, 2020).…”

Employing Cooperative Learning to Enhance the University Students’ Reading Comprehension

“…English is a critical language worldwide because it is an international language. Aside from that, English is also spoken globally as the instructional language of scientific research, commerce and business, technology information, and politics (Widiastuti et al, 2022).…”

Exploring English Teachers' Difficulties in Teaching Speaking

“…(Thornbury, 2005) states that basically, learner-speakers face two main areas of difficulty, namely knowledge factors and skill factors which influence other factors such as lack of self-confidence or self-awareness. Meanwhile, (Widiastuti et al, 2020) and (Sardi et al, 2017) stated that some difficulties that occur are guiding content development, increasing student accuracy, providing media to create a pleasant learning climate, preventing errors in word pronunciation, and other difficulties that are truly specific within a special scope. The benefit of conducting research regarding teachers' difficulties in teaching speaking is of course to serve as a reference regarding the things that make it difficult for teachers to teach speaking so that in the future, they can do it better.…”