Communications: Histopathology of Gas Bubble Disease in Juvenile Rainbow Trout

Smith, Charlie E.

doi:10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050<0098:chogbd>2.3.co;2

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Longbottom (2000) also observed lesions in the heart ventricle of the Australasian snapper Pagrus auratus after capture from depths ranging between 10 and 35 m, and D'Aoust and Smith (1974) observed histological evidence of gas bubbles in the somatic muscle tissue of fingerling rainbow trout and coho salmon O. kisutch after being decompressed from 4.0 ATA. Whereas lesions representing entrapped bubbles have been found in many other organs in fishes with pressure-related diseases (Pauley and Nakatani 1967;D'Aoust and Smith 1974;Beyer et al 1976;Kulshrestha and Mandal 1982;Smith 1988;Speare 1998), we did not find these outside of the heart in our study. The lack of internal injury in the liver, gill, head kidney, and pseudobranch may be related to the relatively short period of time these internal organs were exposed to high gas pressure.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

The Differential Response to Decompression in Three Species of Nearshore Pacific Rockfish

Pribyl

Schreck

Kent

et al. 2009

N American J Fish Manag

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The genus Sebastes (rockfishes) is an ecologically diverse group of fish, more than 60 species occurring off the Oregon, Washington, and California coasts. As of 2004, seven species of rockfish were classified as overfished by the Pacific Fishery Management Council. Because rockfishes often experience barotrauma to varying degrees when forced up from depth, the management of discard mortality has been difficult. In this study, the macroscopic, morphological, and physiological responses to decompression of black rockfish S. melanops, blue rockfish S. mystinus, and yellowtail rockfish S. flavidus, all nearshore species, were investigated. The rockfish were adjusted to 4.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA; 35 m) over a period of 7–10 d in hyperbaric pressure chambers and when neutrally buoyant were rapidly brought to surface pressure in a simulated ascent. They were then examined for barotrauma injury, and the heart ventricle, head kidney, liver, gill, and pseudobranch were collected for histological analysis. We observed more macroscopic barotrauma indicators in black rockfish and blue rockfish than in yellowtail rockfish. Histological analysis showed emphysema was present in the heart ventricle of more than one‐half of the black rockfish, 11% of the blue rockfish, and none of the yellowtail rockfish. No other tissue had observable injury at the histological level that was attributable to barotrauma. The lack of injury at the tissue level for black, blue, and yellowtail rockfishes decompressed from 4.5 ATA is remarkable.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

The Differential Response to Decompression in Three Species of Nearshore Pacific Rockfish

Pribyl

Schreck

Kent

et al. 2009

N American J Fish Manag

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“…Affected fish showed many of the gross pathological signs of GBD previously described (Stroud & Nebeker 1976;Machado, Garling, Kevern, Trap & Bell 1987;Smith 1988), including gas bubbles in all of the fins and on the opercles (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Oxygen-induced gas bubble disease in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

Edsall

Smith

1991

Aquaculture Res

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Abstract. An Aquatector oxygen injection unit was used to supersaturate a hatchery water supply to 200% oxygen saturation (18–20mg/l) and increase the total gas pressure to 120% of saturation. Nitrogen saturation was reduced to near 100%. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), held in the treated water developed signs of gas bubble disease in 4 days, and 50% died within 20 days. We demonstrated that supersaturated total gas pressure due to excessive oxygen saturation causes gas bubble disease in the absence of supersaturated nitrogen gas. It is recommended that users of oxygen injection systems closely adjust the amount of oxygen added to the water to keep the total gas pressure near saturation.

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“…Cause of death is suggested to be vascular occlusion of the branchial vessels (Edsall and Smith, 1991;Smith, 1988). Cause of death is suggested to be vascular occlusion of the branchial vessels (Edsall and Smith, 1991;Smith, 1988).…”

Section: Gas Bubble Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%