Communities of color are disproportionately exposed to long-term and short-term PM2.5 in metropolitan America

Collins, Timothy W.; Grineski, Sara E.; Shaker, Yasamin; Mullen, Casey

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.114038

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…These pollutants sometimes consist of, or subsequently form, fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), which causes and exacerbates a wide variety of other health conditions ( 5 ) and leads to more than 100,000 premature deaths in the United States annually ( 6 ). It has been repeatedly demonstrated that the burden of air pollution is not experienced equally among demographic groups in the United States ( 7 – 9 ). While reductions in GHG emissions would be expected to improve average air quality, bestowing a wide array of health, economic, and other benefits ( 10 , 11 ), reductions in air pollution disparities are not guaranteed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Air quality equity in US climate policy

Polonik

Ricke

Reese

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The United States government has indicated a desire to advance environmental justice through climate policy. As fossil fuel combustion produces both conventional pollutants and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, climate mitigation strategies may provide an opportunity to address historical inequities in air pollution exposure. To test the impact of climate policy implementation choices on air quality equity, we develop a broad range of GHG reduction scenarios that are each consistent with the US Paris Accord target and model the resulting air pollution changes. Using idealized decision criteria, we show that least cost and income-based emission reductions can exacerbate air pollution disparities for communities of color. With a suite of randomized experiments that facilitates exploration of a wider climate policy decision space, we show that disparities largely persist despite declines in average pollution exposure, but that reducing transportation emissions has the most potential to reduce racial inequities.

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confidence: 99%

Air quality equity in US climate policy

Polonik

Ricke

Reese

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The quality control procedures employed here and exclusion of individuals with incomplete data further limit generalizability of these findings. Future studies are warranted that include larger representation of lower income and minority backgrounds, which have greater burden to exposure in the U.S. (Collins et al, 2022; Colmer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution from biomass burning disrupts early adolescent cortical microarchitecture development

Bottenhorn,

Sukumaran,

Cardenas-Iniguez

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Exposure to outdoor particulate matter (PM2.5) represents a ubiquitous threat to human health and, in particular, the neurotoxic effects of PM2.5 from multiple sources may disrupt neurodevelopment. Studies addressing neurodevelopmental implications of PM exposure have been limited by small, geographically-limited samples and largely focus either on macroscale cortical morphology or postmortem histological staining and total PM mass. Here, we leverage residentially-assigned exposure to six, data-driven sources of PM2.5 and neuroimaging data from the longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study), collected from 21 different recruitment sites across the United States. To contribute an interpretable and actionable assessment of the role of air pollution in the developing brain, we identified alterations in cortical microstructure development associated with exposure to specific sources of PM2.5 using multivariate, partial least squares analyses. Specifically, average annual exposure (i.e., at ages 8-10 years) to PM2.5 from biomass burning was related to impaired neurite development across the cortex between 9 and 13 years of age.

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“…The exposure information can then be used for assessing health risks [7] and exploring associations with health outcomes, in particular, children's health [8] . The data will also enhance our understanding of the extent to which minority concentrated communities bear a disproportionate burden of environmental pollution [ 9 , 10 ], in response to EPA's environmental justice movement [11] .…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%