Communities of culturable yeasts and yeast-like fungi in oligotrophic hypersaline coastal waters of the Arabian Gulf surrounding Qatar

Fotedar, Rashmi; Chatting, Mark; Kolecka, Anna; Zeyara, Aisha; Malki, Amina Al; Kaul, Ridhima; Bukhari, S.; Moaiti, Mohammed Abdul; Febbo, Eric; Boekhout, Teun; Fell, Jack W.

doi:10.1007/s10482-022-01722-y

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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Section: Candida Auris Persistence and Cycling In The Enviro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major determinant of the ability of microbial species to persist in marine environments is the ability to withstand cationic stress due to high salt concentration, and several species of Candida species are frequently found in marine environments [37,41,44,45,100,101]. The halotolerance of C. auris (and its hypothesised emergence from the marine environment) could facilitate the survival of C. auris and its subsequent dissemination over large distances [77,80,99].…”

Section: Candida Auris Persistence and Cycling In The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental reservoirs of the drug-resistant pathogenic yeast Candida auris

2023

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Candia auris is an emerging human pathogenic yeast; yet, despite phenotypic attributes and genomic evidence suggesting that it probably emerged from a natural reservoir, we know nothing about the environmental phase of its life cycle and the transmission pathways associated with it. The thermotolerant characteristics of C. auris have been hypothesised to be an environmental adaptation to increasing temperatures due to global warming (which may have facilitated its ability to tolerate the mammalian thermal barrier that is considered a protective strategy for humans against colonisation by environmental fungi with pathogenic potential). Thus, C. auris may be the first human pathogenic fungus to have emerged as a result of climate change. In addition, the release of antifungal chemicals, such as azoles, into the environment (from both pharmaceutical and agricultural sources) is likely to be responsible for the environmental enrichment of resistant strains of C. auris; however, the survival and dissemination of C. auris in the natural environment is poorly understood. In this paper, we critically review the possible pathways through which C. auris can be introduced into the environment and evaluate the environmental characteristics that can influence its persistence and transmission in natural environments. Identifying potential environmental niches and reservoirs of C. auris and understanding its emergence against a backdrop of climate change and environmental pollution will be crucial for the development of effective epidemiological and environmental management responses.

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Section: Candida Auris Persistence and Cycling In The Enviro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Candida Auris Persistence and Cycling In The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental reservoirs of the drug-resistant pathogenic yeast Candida auris

2023

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“…Some of these fungal forms with different lifestyles have been found to co-exist in the coastal water column [ 17 ]. The most common form of planktonic fungi encountered is yeast forms (size < 5 μm diameter), which have been found in a wide range of oceanic regions [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. On the other hand, filamentous forms have been discovered mostly in coastal and coastal-upwelling regions [ 17 , 38 , 46 ].…”

Section: Culturable and Molecular Diversity Of Marine Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most earlier studies revealed that a large proportion of culturable diversity in the water column comprised of yeasts, including Rhodotorula , Rhodosporidium , Metchnikowia , Torulopsis , Kluyveromyces , Aureobasidium, and Cryptococcus [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The common filamentous fungi and molds cultured from seawaters were Aspergillus , Trichoderma , Arthrinium , Cladosporium, Penicillium , Cystobasidium , Exophiala , Graphium , Lecanicillium , Purpureocillium , Acremonium , Coniothyrium , Simplicillium, and Mucor [ 46 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Culturable and Molecular Diversity Of Marine Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, Abundance, and Ecological Roles of Planktonic Fungi in Marine Environments

Sen

Wang

2022

JoF

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Fungi are considered terrestrial and oceans are a “fungal desert”. However, with the considerable progress made over past decades, fungi have emerged as morphologically, phylogenetically, and functionally diverse components of the marine water column. Although their communities are influenced by a plethora of environmental factors, the most influential include salinity, temperature, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, suggesting that fungi respond to local environmental gradients. The biomass carbon of planktonic fungi exhibits spatiotemporal dynamics and can reach up to 1 μg CL−1 of seawater, rivaling bacteria on some occasions, which suggests their active and important role in the water column. In the nutrient-rich coastal water column, there is increasing evidence for their contribution to biogeochemical cycling and food web dynamics on account of their saprotrophic, parasitic, hyper-parasitic, and pathogenic attributes. Conversely, relatively little is known about their function in the open-ocean water column. Interestingly, methodological advances in sequencing and omics approach, the standardization of sequence data analysis tools, and integration of data through network analyses are enhancing our current understanding of the ecological roles of these multifarious and enigmatic members of the marine water column. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the diversity and abundance of planktonic fungi in the world’s oceans and provides an integrated and holistic view of their ecological roles.

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“…A recent investigation by Fotedar et al (2022) on yeast biodiversity from the Gulf coastal water surrounding Qatar found 842 isolates belonging to 82 species and representing two main phyla: Ascomycota (23 genera) and Basidiomycota (16 genera), which were identified by modern technology. Candida spp.…”

Section: Follow-up Investigations and Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Future Risks of Pollution Consequent to the Expansion of Oil and Gas Operations in Qatar

Al-Thani¹,

Yasseen²

2023

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The air, water, and lands of the Arabian Gulf countries are exposed to contamination involving organic and inorganic components resulting from industrial energy sector activities. In Qatar, marine life and air are the primary elements of the ecosystem that pollution has negatively affected since the discovery and exportation of oil and gas. For example, the mean concentration of PM2.5 reached 105 µg/m3 in 2016. This poor air quality has been attributed to several factors: dust storms, vehicle emissions, and industrial emissions. Marine life around the peninsula of Qatar has been threatened by many factors, including discharge of desalinated seawater, oil and gas activities, and the impact of climate change. Studies conducted after multiple major events showed that levels of various types of pollutants were at acceptable levels. Some areas in the Arabian Gulf, such as the coasts of Saudi Arabia and Bahrain, are still considered chronically polluted and need continual monitoring in the long term. This review discusses the pollution status on the Qatari coastlines and the reasons behind the persistence of current levels of pollution in Arabian Gulf water. The role of microorganisms (bacteria, algae, and fungi) in a biological approach for environmental manipulation of pollution problems is discussed. The agricultural lands in Qatar are possible sites of pollution due to the potential expansion of the energy, industry, and construction sectors in the future. Currently, industrial wastewater is pumped deep into the ground, and seawater is intruding into the main-land, which is causing significant contamination of soils used for the cultivation of various crops. Possible measures are reported, and practical solutions to future pollution risks are discussed.

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Communities of culturable yeasts and yeast-like fungi in oligotrophic hypersaline coastal waters of the Arabian Gulf surrounding Qatar

Cited by 11 publications

References 106 publications

Environmental reservoirs of the drug-resistant pathogenic yeast Candida auris

Environmental reservoirs of the drug-resistant pathogenic yeast Candida auris

Diversity, Abundance, and Ecological Roles of Planktonic Fungi in Marine Environments

Possible Future Risks of Pollution Consequent to the Expansion of Oil and Gas Operations in Qatar

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