Community‐acquired pneumonia and its predictors of mortality in rural southwestern Nigeria: A‐five year retrospective observational study

Ibrahim, Azeez Oyemomi; Shabi, Olabode Muftau; Aremu, Shuaib Kayode; Omosanya, Emmanuel Olusegun; Kolawole, Fasanmi Tolulope; Ajetunmobi, Adewumi Oluwaserimi

doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2022.04.011

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[ 7 ] Conversely, some studies report higher stroke prevalence in males, possibly due to the absence of vascular protection from endogenous estrogen. [ 4 ] Previous studies showed that stroke typically affects individuals between 50 and 70 years of age, corroborating the average age of 63 years in our patients. [ 4 , 13 , 17 ] This supports findings correlating age with stroke prevalence, [ 6 , 13 ] despite some contradictory reports.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…[ 4 ] Previous studies showed that stroke typically affects individuals between 50 and 70 years of age, corroborating the average age of 63 years in our patients. [ 4 , 13 , 17 ] This supports findings correlating age with stroke prevalence, [ 6 , 13 ] despite some contradictory reports. [ 11 , 15 ]…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In this study, 11.5% of patients had a prior history of stroke, consistent with similar research. [ 4 , 7 ] Recurrent strokes are common due to uncontrolled risk factors and limited stroke awareness. Smoking contributed to 1.9% of stroke risk factors, primarily among men, aligning with rural smoking patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stroke accounts for a substantial percentage of admissions and mortality in neurology in Africa, including Nigeria, where it constitutes 5.7–26.2% of admissions to the emergency room and 4–17% of medical mortalities. [ 4 , 5 ] Fatality rates ranging from 21% to 45% have been documented by earlier studies. [ 6 - 10 ] Limited health-care funding and access to quality medical care in rural areas exacerbate the negative impact of stroke outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Understanding stroke statistics, including incidence and mortality, in rural areas is crucial for improving health-care delivery and meeting patient and community expectations. [ 1 , 4 ] This study intended to evaluate the demographic and clinical attributes of stroke cases in a rural tertiary health facility in South-South Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive analysis of stroke admissions at a rural Nigerian tertiary health facility: Insights from a single-center study

Erameh

Emorinken

Akpasubi

2023

JNRP

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Objectives: This research intended to examine the demographic and clinical attributes of stroke admissions in a rural Nigerian hospital. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of stroke admissions was conducted over 1 year. All necessary data were obtained from patients’ records and SPSS was employed for data analysis. P < 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: There were 52 stroke cases, accounting for 5.9% of medical admissions. The patients’ mean age was 62.81 ± 12.71 years, while females constituted 51.9% of cases. Common risk factors included hypertension (76.9%), hyperlipidemia (38.5%), alcohol (26.9%), and diabetes mellitus (26.9%). Clinical manifestations included hemiparesis/plegia (84.6%), altered consciousness (63.5%), slurred speech (61.5%), cranial nerve deficit (61.5%), aphasia (42.3%), and headache (34.6%). Ischemic stroke (71.2%) predominated over hemorrhagic stroke (28.8%). The average hospitalization duration was 17.62 ± 8.91 days, and the mean onset to arrival time was 121.31 ± 136.06 h. Discharge and mortality rates were 82.7% and 13.5%, respectively. The association between stroke subtypes and mortality was significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Stroke constitutes a significant portion of medical admissions in Nigeria, with ischemic stroke being more prevalent. High mortality rates underscore the urgent need to manage risk factors to prevent stroke.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A comprehensive analysis of stroke admissions at a rural Nigerian tertiary health facility: Insights from a single-center study

Erameh

Emorinken

Akpasubi

2023

JNRP

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Pneumococcal Vaccination for Africans with Heart Failure

Akintunde,

Akinlade

2023

Journal of the Nigerian Academy of Medicine

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Heart failure is a chronic progressive disease syndrome associated with acute exacerbations leading to progressive deterioration. Africans have been shown to have excess morbidity and mortality from heart failure and are also associated with worse comorbidity profiles compared with Caucasians. Acute exacerbations are often due to precipitants, many of which are related to infectious diseases. Among the commonest causes of exacerbations are respiratory infections, the majority of which are due to streptococcal pneumonia. The highest burden of acute exacerbation related to chest infections presupposes that appropriate vaccinations against common pathogenic etiology may be a potential target in improving heart failure care, preventing rehospitalization, and improving quality of life among Africans with heart failure. This could also serve as a cost-effective intervention to improve clinical outcomes in heart failure management. This review highlights the contribution of the pneumococcal organism as a major contributor to respiratory infections in Africans with heart failure and the potential evidence of vaccinations for cardioprotection.

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Bacteriological Profile and Multidrug Resistance Patterns of Isolates from Sputum of Adults with Community Acquired Pneumonia in Diobu, Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A Retrospective Study

Ndukwu,

Ikpeama

2024

Int. J. Path. Res.

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Community acquired pneumonia is a major global public health concern given its substantial contribution to the mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases, the huge losses in human and economic resources and the increasing challenges in treatment due to multidrug resistance (MDR). This retrospective cross sectional descriptive study reviewed laboratory records of adults clinically diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022. A total of 308 sputum specimens meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed and yielded 135 (43.8%) bacterial strains. The 135 bacterial strains spread across 9 species had Streptococcus pneumoniae as the dominant species with 41(30.4%); followed by Staphylococcus aureus 21(15.6%), Escherichia coli 16(11.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 16(11.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12(8.9%), Streptococcus pyogenes 12(8.9%), Proteus mirabilis 10(7.4%), Enterobacter cloacae 5(3.7%) and Acinetobacter baumannii 2(1.5%). The cumulative resistance profile was 45.7%; the most resistant bacterial specie was Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a resistance profile of 50%; followed by Staphylococcus aureus (48.6%), Enterobacter cloacae (48.0%), Streptococcus pyogenes 47.5%, Streptococcus pneumoniae 47.3%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 45.6%, Proteus mirabilis 42.0%, Escherichia coli 40.0% and Acinetobacter baumannii 35.0%. The MDR prevalence was 85.9% including 36.3% extensively resistant strains; but no pan-drug resistant trains; while 14.1% were non-multidrug resistant. This study has contributed to the data on bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns in aetiological agents of community acquired pneumonia in Port Harcourt. The high prevalence of drug resistance implies that many people are likely to be infected, while most of the antibiotics are losing potency against the bacterial pathogens. It is advised that regulatory laws on drug control be revised as it pertains antibiotics, the regulatory agencies should be compelled to perform their statutory duties while there is need to sensitize the populace on the dangers of antibiotic abuse and misuse.

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Community‐acquired pneumonia and its predictors of mortality in rural southwestern Nigeria: A‐five year retrospective observational study

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

A comprehensive analysis of stroke admissions at a rural Nigerian tertiary health facility: Insights from a single-center study

A comprehensive analysis of stroke admissions at a rural Nigerian tertiary health facility: Insights from a single-center study

Pneumococcal Vaccination for Africans with Heart Failure

Bacteriological Profile and Multidrug Resistance Patterns of Isolates from Sputum of Adults with Community Acquired Pneumonia in Diobu, Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A Retrospective Study

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