Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Staphylococcus aureus

Ewig, Santiago; Torres, Antoni

doi:10.1007/0-306-46834-4_29

Cited by 3 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The PubMed database was selectively searched for publications from April 2015 onward containing the term "community-acquired pneumonia" together with "risk stratification," "diagnosis," "treatment," or "prevention." The current update (2016) of the German guideline on the treatment and prevention of community-acquired pneumonia in adults (10) and its systematic literature search up to March 2015 were also consulted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAP is defined as pneumonia acquired outside the hospital by an immune-competent individual. It is to be distinguished, on the basis of a wider spectrum of pathogens, from nosocomial pneumonia (which arises more than 48 hours after hospital admission or within 3 months of discharge) and from pneumonia in an immunocompromised host (e.g., in the setting of neutropenia, iatrogenic immunosuppression with drugs, status post organ or stem-cell transplantation, HIV infection, or a congenital immune deficiency) (10,11).…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a continual re-evaluation and documentation of the goal of treatment for the individual patient, the measures to be taken in pursuit of this goal, and (where applicable) the limitations of treatment are central tasks for the treating physician. The current German guideline deals with these matters in a separate chapter on palliative-care aspects of CAP (10).…”

Section: Predominantly Elderly Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients must often be hospitalized because of hypoxemia despite a low CRB-65 score (19). The negative predictive value of the CRB-65 criteria can be markedly improved by the additional consideration of three further parameters-oxygen saturation, potentially decompensated comorbidity, and chronic bedridden state (Table 1) (18,20), as recommended in the current German S3 guideline, before any decision is taken to treat CAP on an outpatient basis (10). A corresponding risk stratification process for outpatient practice is depicted in Figure 1.…”

Section: Risk Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, aspects of post-hospital treatment, prevention, and palliative care for elderly and multimorbid patients need greater attention. These aspects were already incorporated into the revised guideline of 2016 and, in part, implemented in corresponding recommendations (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults

Kolditz¹,

Ewig²

2017

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Predominantly Elderly Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults

Kolditz¹,

Ewig²

2017

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

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Long-term sequelae of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by severe community-acquired pneumonia: Delirium-associated cognitive impairment and post-traumatic stress disorder

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveDelirium in critically ill patients is considered a risk factor for various long-term consequences. We evaluated delirium and associated long-term outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome with non-H1N1 and H1N1- associated severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) who had been recommended to take antiviral drugs associated with delirious symptoms as adverse effects.MethodsOf 64 patients, 42 survivors (H1N1, 15; non-H1N1, 27) were analyzed regarding the relationship between medication and the duration of delirium in the intensive care unit. During follow-up (n = 23), we assessed cognitive abilities, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), physical capacity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).ResultsThe incidence of delirium was 88%. There was no difference in the incidence and duration of delirium between patients with H1N1 and non-H1N1 infection. The haloperidol and opioid doses were associated with a longer delirium duration. The delirium duration was correlated with reduced cognitive performance in motor skills, memory function, and learning efficiency. Patients with PTSD (16%) had a significantly longer delirium duration and low mental HRQoL.ConclusionsH1N1 infection and corresponding antiviral medication had no impact on delirium. The duration of delirium in these patients was associated with impairments in various outcome parameters, illustrating the burden of sCAP.

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Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia and prevalence of comorbidities in elderly patient population

Zyryanov

Ченкуров

Ивжиц

et al. 2020

CMAC

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Objective. To investigate the mortality rate, comorbidity prevalence, and etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly patient population. Materials and Methods. Hospitalized elderly patients with CAP were distributed into the following age groups: 65–74 years (group I), 75–84 years (group II) and 85–94 years (group III). The patients’ medical records were used for determining comorbidities and mortality rate. In order to determine etiology of CAP, sputum or BAL samples were collected. A total of 171 isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Results. The mortality rates were 27.1%, 31.5% and 45.7% in age groups I, II, III, respectively. The most common concomitant diseases in all age groups were arterial hypertension (47.4%, 54.6%, and 62.8% for groups I, II, and III, respectively), chronic heart failure (45.7%, 50.9%, and 60.0%, respectively), and coronary heart disease (15.2%, 25.9%, and 24.3%, respectively). The most frequently isolated bacteria by age group were the following: group I – non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) (7.4%), Enterobacterales (6.6%), S. aureus (6.6%); group II – Enterobacterales (13.9%), S. aureus (5.6%), Enterococcus spp. (5.6%), NFGNB (2.8%); group III – NFGNB (15.4%), S. aureus (7.7%), Enterococcus spp. (7.7%), Enerobacterales (7.7%). Conclusions. The mortality rates in elderly patients with CAP were high and varied from 27.1% in 65–74 years old patients to 45.7% in 85–94 years old patients. The most common comorbidities in all age groups were arterial hypertension (up to 62.8%), chronic heart failure (up to 60%), and coronary heart disease (up to 25.9%). The main pathogens causing CAP in elderly patient population were Enterobacterales and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria.

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Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 3 publications

References 83 publications

Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults

Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults

Long-term sequelae of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by severe community-acquired pneumonia: Delirium-associated cognitive impairment and post-traumatic stress disorder

Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia and prevalence of comorbidities in elderly patient population

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