Community-Based Emergency Care: A Model for Prehospital Care in Remote Canadian Communities

Orkin, Aaron; VanderBurgh, David; Ritchie, Stephen D.; Curran, Jeffrey; Beardy, Jackson

doi:10.1017/cem.2016.339

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…There were two main outcomes from this meeting: (1) a shared vision for the future of emergency medical services in NAN communities; (2) guiding principles central for implementation of the vision. The shared vision is: “people in remote and isolated First Nation communities should have access to excellent community-based first response emergency care” [ 5 ]. The six guiding principles for advancing solutions in pre-nursing station care in remote NAN communities are: community-based, sustainable, capacity-building, collaboration, integration, and excellence ( Table 5 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An environmental scan of emergency response systems and services in remote First Nations communities in Northern Ontario

Mew

Ritchie

VanderBurgh

et al. 2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Background: Approximately 24,000 Ontarians live in remote Indigenous communities with no road access. These communities are a subset of Nishnawbe Aski Nation (NAN), a political grouping of 49 First Nations communities in Northern Ontario, Canada. Limited information is available regarding the status of emergency care in these communities.Objective: We aimed to understand emergency response systems, services, and training in remote NAN communities.Design: We used an environmental scan approach to compile information from multiple sources including community-based participatory research. This included the analysis of data collected from key informant interviews (n=10) with First Nations community health leaders and a multi-stakeholder roundtable meeting (n=33) in October 2013.Results: Qualitative analysis of the interview data revealed four issues related to emergency response systems and training: (1) inequity in response capacity and services, (2) lack of formalised dispatch systems, (3) turnover and burnout in volunteer emergency services, and (4) challenges related to first aid training. Roundtable stakeholders supported the development of a community-based emergency care system to address gaps.Conclusions: Existing first response, paramedical, and ambulance service models do not meet the unique geographical, epidemiological and cultural needs in most NAN communities. Sustainable, context-appropriate, and culturally relevant emergency care systems are needed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emergency department care is accessible only by plane or helicopter [ 1 , 5 ]. Air transportation services are operated under air ambulance and private aviation services such as Ornge, the largest supplier, or SkyCare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmental scan of emergency response systems and services in remote First Nations communities in Northern Ontario

Mew

Ritchie

VanderBurgh

et al. 2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

Self Cite

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“…Incorporating community input and matching course content to the local context were central features of what made the SLWEREI more locally appropriate than other standardized first aid courses. The foundational learnings from the SLWEREI experience led to the exploration and emergence of CBEC as a conceptual system that better reflects the need of remote First Nation communities in northern Ontario [ 3 , 4 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The community-based approach of the SLWEREI was effective in developing a locally appropriate and meaningful capacity development program [ 14 ]. This led to the emergence of CBEC [ 4 ], a platform that may improve medical care by providing the means to address the emergency health inequalities of the remote region of northern Ontario.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remote communities in Canada face a disproportionate burden of health emergencies and a lack of emergency medical services [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Community-based emergency care (CBEC) training is a model that has the potential to reduce inequities in prehospital care in isolated communities [ 4 ]. Emergency care training for laypersons increases helping behavior [ 5 ] and recognition of mental health issues [ 6 ], and decreases response times and mortality rates in many resource limited areas [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conceptualizing and Managing Medical Emergencies Where No Formal Paramedical System Exists: Perspectives from a Remote Indigenous Community in Canada

Curran

Ritchie

Beardy

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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(1) Background: Remote communities in Canada lack an equitable emergency medical response capacity compared to other communities. Community-based emergency care (CBEC) training for laypeople is a model that has the potential to enhance the medical emergency response capacity in isolated and resource-limited contexts. The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of medical emergencies and to conceptualize and present a framework for what a medical emergency is for one remote Indigenous community in northwestern Ontario, in order to inform the development of CBEC training. (2) Methods: This study adhered to the principles of community-based participatory research and realist evaluation; it was an integrated component of the formative evaluation of the second Sachigo Lake Wilderness Emergency Response Education Initiative (SLWEREI) training course in 2012. Twelve members of Sachigo Lake First Nation participated in the training course, along with local nursing staff, police officers, community Elders, and course instructors (n = 24 total), who participated in interviews, focus groups, and a collaborative discussion of local health issues in the development of the SLWEREI. (3) Results: The qualitative results are organized into sections that describe the types of local health emergencies and the informal response system of community members in addressing these emergencies. Prominent themes of health adversity that emerged were an inability to manage chronic conditions and fears of exacerbations, the lack of capacity for addressing mental illness, and the high prevalence of injury for community members. (4) Discussion: A three-point framework of what constitutes local perceptions of an emergency emerged from the findings in this study: (1) a sense of isolation; (2) a condition with a potentially adverse outcome; and (3) a need for help.

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Validating the Remote First Aid Self-Efficacy Scale for Use in Evaluation and Training of First Responders in Remote Contexts

D'Angelo

Ritchie

Little

et al. 2023

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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Community-Based Emergency Care: A Model for Prehospital Care in Remote Canadian Communities

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

An environmental scan of emergency response systems and services in remote First Nations communities in Northern Ontario

An environmental scan of emergency response systems and services in remote First Nations communities in Northern Ontario

Conceptualizing and Managing Medical Emergencies Where No Formal Paramedical System Exists: Perspectives from a Remote Indigenous Community in Canada

Validating the Remote First Aid Self-Efficacy Scale for Use in Evaluation and Training of First Responders in Remote Contexts

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