Community-based study of cannabis hyperemesis syndrome

Lewis, Brian; Leach, Erin; Mugri, Larissa B Fomum; Keung, Man Yee; Ouellette, Lindsey; Riley, Brad; Judge, Bryan S.; Fleeger, Tiffany; Jones, J. Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.05.046

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Vomiting in the context of CHS is also of great clinical significance, given the severity of the symptoms that individuals face, the burden of care on the healthcare system, the scarcity of resources in terms of management and treatment. Abdominal pain was also reported in seven of the included studies, which is consistent with previous research suggesting that cannabis can affect gastrointestinal motility and lead to alterations in bowel habits [ 16 – 18 , 21 – 24 ]. The case reports/series depicted cases of AI in cannabis users, with no other known causes to be found, although these data are strictly anecdotal in nature [ 22 – 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…All included studies, with the exception of the survey, reported at least one GIT symptom experienced in adult cannabis users. Reported GIT symptoms included nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain/distension, constipation, loss of appetite, dehydration, adult intussusception (AI), and weight loss [8, 10, 17‒27]. The severity of the symptoms varied, ranging from mild occurrences to requiring emergency department admission.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of the included studies examined CHS [ 18 , 25 ]. Chronic cannabis use has recently been shown to be associated with a pattern of nausea and vomiting described as CHS [ 10 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ROME IV criteria are used to diagnose CHS clinically, which is defined as prolonged excessive cannabis use leading to episodic vomiting for greater than 6 months, which is relieved by sustained cessation of cannabis [ 31 ]. A retrospective cohort study by Lewis and colleagues [ 18 ] analysed 1,214 subjects (456 with CHS, 758 with cannabis intoxication) engaging in chronic recreational cannabis use and found that of those with CHS, 98.2% had the chief complaint of nausea/vomiting compared to 16.9% with cannabis intoxication ( p < 0.001), 87.7% of CHS patients had abdominal pain compared to 6.9% of those with cannabis intoxication ( p < 0.001), and 39.3% of CHS patients had dehydration compared to 4% of those with cannabis intoxication ( p < 0.001) [ 18 ]. Additionally, those with CHS had a longer duration of symptoms and length of ED stay ( p < 0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By synthesising and analysing the available evidence, this review identified several findings that can potentially contribute to our understanding of the impact of cannabis on gastrointestinal health in the adult population. All included studies, with the exception of the survey, reported some type of GIT symptoms experienced in cannabis users ranging from nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, to AI [8, 10, 17‒27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cannabis-Induced Gastrointestinal Tract Symptoms in the Adult Population: A Systematic Review

Senderovich,

Meaney,

Vashishtha

2024

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: Cannabinoid usage is widespread in the self-management of various medical ailments. However, adverse effects have been reported with use, especially pertaining to the gastrointestinal system in adults and aged patients. These range from nausea, vomiting, bloating, or abdominal pain. This systematic review of previously reported cannabis-induced gastrointestinal symptoms in the adult population from the literature provides an analysis of relevant data to enhance knowledge and awareness of this topic. Methods: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies published from inception to March 2023. Results: The search yielded 598 results, of which 13 were deemed relevant and underwent further review. These included two systematic reviews, one retrospective cohort study, one retrospective chart review, two cross-sectional studies, one survey, and six case reports. The Cochrane Risk Tool for bias analysis was applied where relevant. The total number of people in the studies selected for analysis was 79, 779. Twelve out of the thirteen included studies reported some type of gastrointestinal tract symptoms experienced in medical and/or recreational cannabis users ranging from nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, to adult intussusception. Conclusion: Potential limitations include small sample sizes, variation in research methodologies, varied studied designs, and limited availability of data on specific populations such as geriatric users. Further research is warranted to add to current evidence pertaining to this emerging topic of significance, fill the broad knowledge gaps and contribute to evidence-based guidelines for healthcare professionals, ensuring safe prescribing practices and provision of quality care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of the included studies examined CHS [ 18 , 25 ]. Chronic cannabis use has recently been shown to be associated with a pattern of nausea and vomiting described as CHS [ 10 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%