Community-based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle income countries

Sguassero, Yanina; Onís, Mercedes de; Bonotti, Ana María; Carroli, Guillermo

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005039.pub3

Cited by 59 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, other studies have shown no difference in linear growth among infants who were supplemented with micronutrients from 6 to 18 months (27)(28)(29)(30)(31) . These studies have heterogeneous baseline participant populations, varying measures of anthropometry, various timing of interventions and many lack appropriate control groups (7,32) . We speculated that the lack of apparent benefit of multi-nutrient enriched diets in some studies resulted from a lack of a proper control; that is, a group fed the usual diet that is associated with stunting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster-randomized trial determining the efficacy of caterpillar cereal as a locally available and sustainable complementary food to prevent stunting and anaemia

Bauserman

Lokangaka

Gado

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a cereal made from caterpillars, a micronutrient-rich, locally available alternative animal-source food, on reducing stunting and anaemia in infants in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Design: Six-month-old infants were cluster randomized to receive either caterpillar cereal daily until 18 months of age or the usual diet. At 18 months of age, anthropometric measurements and biological samples were collected. Setting: The rural Equateur Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Subjects: One hundred and seventy-five infants followed from 6 to 18 months of age. Results: Stunting was common at 6 months (35 %) and the prevalence increased until 18 months (69 %). There was no difference in stunting prevalence at 18 months between the intervention and control groups (67 % v. 71 %, P = 0·69). Infants in the cereal group had higher Hb concentration than infants in the control group (10·7 v. 10·1 g/dl, P = 0·03) and fewer were anaemic (26 v. 50 %, P = 0·006), although there was no difference in estimates of body Fe stores (6·7 v. 7·2 mg/kg body weight, P = 0·44). Conclusions: Supplementation of complementary foods with caterpillar cereal did not reduce the prevalence of stunting at 18 months of age. However, infants who consumed caterpillar cereal had higher Hb concentration and fewer were anaemic, suggesting that caterpillar cereal might have some beneficial effect. The high prevalence of stunting at 6 months and the lack of response to this micronutrient-rich supplement suggest that factors other than dietary deficiencies also contribute to stunting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster-randomized trial determining the efficacy of caterpillar cereal as a locally available and sustainable complementary food to prevent stunting and anaemia

Bauserman

Lokangaka

Gado

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Numerous studies have found significant effects of breastfeeding practices and complementary feeding practices on stunting [41]–[45], [11]–[14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Child Stunting in India: A Comprehensive Analysis of Socio-Economic, Nutritional and Environmental Determinants Using Additive Quantile Regression

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMost attempts to address undernutrition, responsible for one third of global child deaths, have fallen behind expectations. This suggests that the assumptions underlying current modelling and intervention practices should be revisited.ObjectiveWe undertook a comprehensive analysis of the determinants of child stunting in India, and explored whether the established focus on linear effects of single risks is appropriate.DesignUsing cross-sectional data for children aged 0–24 months from the Indian National Family Health Survey for 2005/2006, we populated an evidence-based diagram of immediate, intermediate and underlying determinants of stunting. We modelled linear, non-linear, spatial and age-varying effects of these determinants using additive quantile regression for four quantiles of the Z-score of standardized height-for-age and logistic regression for stunting and severe stunting.ResultsAt least one variable within each of eleven groups of determinants was significantly associated with height-for-age in the 35% Z-score quantile regression. The non-modifiable risk factors child age and sex, and the protective factors household wealth, maternal education and BMI showed the largest effects. Being a twin or multiple birth was associated with dramatically decreased height-for-age. Maternal age, maternal BMI, birth order and number of antenatal visits influenced child stunting in non-linear ways. Findings across the four quantile and two logistic regression models were largely comparable.ConclusionsOur analysis confirms the multifactorial nature of child stunting. It emphasizes the need to pursue a systems-based approach and to consider non-linear effects, and suggests that differential effects across the height-for-age distribution do not play a major role.

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“…Stunting interventions between 6 and 24 months of age commonly target improving infant and young child feeding practices and reducing infection risk. Appropriate complementary feeding [38] along with maternal education bring about a significant reduction in the rate of stunting, but increase in length was exclusive only to children under 12 months [39, 40]. …”

Section: Linear Growth From Preconception To Beyond the First 1000 Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

World Perspective on the Epidemiology of Stunting between 1990 and 2015

2017

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Background: Stunting is the most prevalent form of child undernutrition with current worldwide estimates at 156 million. The majority of these children reside in low- and middle-income countries. When stunting prevails to adulthood, optimal growth potential and economic productivity are minimized. Results: In 2015 there were 98.5 million fewer stunted children under 5 years of age than in 1990. In East Asia and Pacific and South Asia, the stunting prevalence decreased by 24.8 and 25%, respectively. Minimal declines were observed in Latin America and the Caribbean at 12.6%, in the Middle East and North Africa at 12.9%, and in sub-Saharan Africa at 13.4%. But because large populations of children under 5 years of age are distributed disproportionately, decreases in prevalence do not translate to fewer numbers of stunted children globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of stunted children increased by 12.4 million between 1990 and 2015. Conclusions: Adult height is dependent on nutrition-specific or nutrition-sensitive factors. Nutrition-specific factors can be targeted according to their impact at critical points of development and therefore offer multiple windows of opportunity for interventions. To date, many interventions focus on the first 1,000 days, but opportunities may extend into later childhood and adolescence.

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Community-based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle income countries

Abstract: Community-based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle income countries.

Cited by 59 publications

References 36 publications

A cluster-randomized trial determining the efficacy of caterpillar cereal as a locally available and sustainable complementary food to prevent stunting and anaemia

A cluster-randomized trial determining the efficacy of caterpillar cereal as a locally available and sustainable complementary food to prevent stunting and anaemia

Understanding Child Stunting in India: A Comprehensive Analysis of Socio-Economic, Nutritional and Environmental Determinants Using Additive Quantile Regression

World Perspective on the Epidemiology of Stunting between 1990 and 2015

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