Community conservation: practitioners’ answer to critics

Horwich, Robert H.; Lyon, Jonathan

doi:10.1017/s0030605307001010

Cited by 101 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…There is surprisingly little empirical research to test these arguments (e.g., van Marwijk et al 2012, Petursdottir et al 2013), but decision making quality appears to be strongly dependent on the processes involved, especially highly skilled facilitation (Reed 2008). Community restoration/conservation projects that perceive local people as the solution to habitat degradation, and involve them at all stages of project development, appear to perform better than large scale 'integrated conservation and development projects' (Horwich and Lyon 2007). For instance, Reyes (2011) argued that a controlling and hierarchical approach to restoration led to a poor restoration outcome following a chemical spill in Spain, while an inclusive and heterarchical approach led to successful restoration in Costa Rica.…”

Section: Restoration In Complex Socio-ecological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Simultaneous environmental changes challenge biodiversity persistence and human wellbeing. The science and practice of restoration ecology, in collaboration with other disciplines, can contribute to overcoming these challenges. This endeavor requires a solid conceptual foundation based in empirical research which confronts, tests and influences theoretical developments. We review conceptual developments in restoration ecology over the last 30 years. We frame our review in the context of changing restoration goals which reflect increased societal awareness of the scale of environmental degradation and the recognition that inter-disciplinary approaches are needed to tackle environmental problems. Restoration ecology now encompasses facilitative interactions and network dynamics, trophic cascades, and above-and belowground linkages. It operates in a non-equilibrium, alternative states framework, at the landscape scale, and in response to changing environmental, economic and social conditions. Progress has been marked by conceptual advances in the fields of trait-environment relationships, community assembly, and understanding the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Conceptual and practical advances have been enhanced by applying evolving technologies, including treatments to increase seed germination and overcome recruitment bottlenecks, high throughput DNA sequencing to elucidate soil community structure and function, and advances in satellite technology and GPS tracking to monitor habitat use. The synthesis of these technologies with systematic reviews of context dependencies in restoration success, model based analyses and consideration of complex socioecological systems will allow generalizations to inform evidence based interventions. Ongoing challenges include setting realistic, socially acceptable goals for restoration under changing environmental conditions, and prioritizing actions in an increasingly space-competitive world. Ethical questions also surround the use of genetically modified material, translocations, taxon substitutions, and de-extinction, in restoration ecology. Addressing these issues, as the Ecological Society of America looks to its next century, will require current and future generations of researchers and practitioners, including economists, engineers, philosophers, landscape architects, social scientists and restoration ecologists, to work together with communities and governments to rise to the environmental challenges of the coming decades.

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Section: Restoration In Complex Socio-ecological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

et al. 2015

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“…Last, but not least, are sanitary measures for trees colonised by C. cerdo needed in productive Mediterranean landscapes such as woodland pastures and do the species in Annex IV really need listing? In other words, microhabitat association and eventual pest status of the species should be more extensively studied in widespread Mediterranean habitats such as Holm oak or Cork oak woodland pastures, coppice with retention and open or closed old growth forests, so that conservation practices of C. cerdo and sustainable use of associated habitats could be based on sound knowledge about the socio-ecological system at hand (Horwich andLyon 2007, Keulartz 2009). …”

Section: Practitioner's Objectives For Cerambyx Cerdo Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this broader view of citizen science, community -based monitoring can be included, a process where concerned citizens, government agencies, academia, local institutions and other stakeholders collaborate to monitor, track and respond to issues of common environmental concern (Conrad and Hilchey 2010), and where local practitioners can be involved. In fact, when local practitioners face conservation tasks, they search for convincing solutions that can be practically implemented without jeopardising community welfare (Horwich and Lyon 2007). For example, limits to sanitary measures of productive oak forests could be perceived by local stakeholders with interest in cork extraction or wood production as unwarranted regulations that could jeopardise their income.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring and management of Cerambyx cerdo in the Mediterranean region – a review and the potential role of citizen science

Casula¹

2017

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The Great Capricorn beetle, Cerambyx cerdo, and Mediterranean oak habitats (Quercus ilex -9340 and Quercus suber -9330) are protected by the Habitats Directive (HD). However, in the Mediterranean basin, these habitats are also traditionally used for animal, wood, and cork productions. Cerambyx cerdo feeds into the wood of trees and can be perceived by forest practitioners as an umbrella species or as a pest, depending on the context. Monitoring programmes involving forest practitioners could thus focus on assessing: 1) the conservation status of the Great Capricorn beetle and habitats (distribution and abundance of insects and reproductive sites or colonised trees), 2) pest status, and 3) management options to achieve both conservational and economic benefits. Considering that Cerambyx cerdo and Cork and Holm oak forests are not priority species or habitats under the HD, targeted funding is likely to be limited for monitoring. In this context, citizen science could gather important information on the target species useful for the monitoring programmes and management. To address management questions, the citizen science based programme for Cerambyx cerdo monitoring and habitat conservation should be seen not only as citizens collecting good data sets, but also as a deeper collaboration amongst different knowledge bodies and perspectives within a community -based environmental monitoring and learning network.

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“…Its basis was a scheme of community conservation that has been used effectively elsewhere to bring about a regional change in the exploitation of agricultural land and forests which promotes wise use, sustainability, and the conservation of the forests and their wildlife (Horwich and Lyon 2007;Horwich et al 2010). In this case, the project targeted most of the range of the species, including its principal strongholds in the Manas Biosphere Reserve.…”

Section: Conservation Action -The Golden Langur Conservation Project mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It brought together methods, developed elsewhere, of catalyzing communities to become involved in conservation (Horwich and Lyon 2007;Horwich et al 2011Horwich et al , 2012, with the goal of protecting India's most seriously endangered primate (Mukherjee and Southwick 1997). In the course of its progress, the project demonstrated the -tect landscapes and ecosystems in western Assam, including those of the Manas Biosphere Reserve forests (Horwich et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%