Community Leadership Education for Older Adults: An Exploratory Study

The influence of optimism and socioeconomic characteristics on leadership practices

“…Another compelling issue is gender; women are well represented in this research (67.8%), what could be in accordance with the reported figure of 64% of companies having at least one woman in director positions (Matsa & Miller, 2011). However, women are more common in leadership among senior adult (Schultz & Galbraith, 1993). Female leadership exists (see Matsa & Miller, 2011), and results show that gender imposed differences on the LPI subscale of Challenging; but when analyzed within a structural equation model with all of the variables together, other variables shadow gender, and so it was not significant.…”

“…Results make it be stated that leadership skills could be achieved by experience and training, and not merely by age. In community leadership, training and not age was essential to acquire a leader role (Schultz & Galbraith, 1993); however, leadership activity reaches a peak in the middle age (Schubert, 1988). According to this, a sample with a more range of age would be needed to check whether that influence of age takes place over 40 years old, which is the limit imposed in this research by the standard deviation.…”

Stress and adaptation: Preparation for successful retirement

“…Moreover, this role has become formalized through the adoption of specific programmes ( Hogstel, 1990). Schultz and Galbraith (1993) examined the subjective context within which older adults approach leadership roles and the processes by which they become involved in volunteer community leadership roles. Their study consisted of 17 men and 10 women involved in a programme with the title, ‘Leadership Enhancement for the Active Retired’ (LEAR).…”