Community metabolism and air-sea C02 fluxes in a coral reef ecosystem (Moorea, French Polynesia)

Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre; Pichon, Michel; Delesalle, Bruno; Frankignoulle, Michel

doi:10.3354/meps096259

Cited by 170 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The dissolution of CaCO 3 leads to the decrease in the surrounding waters of CO 2 transferred to the HCO 3 { pool. These processes combined with NCP to control the release or uptake of CO 2 by a given ecosystem to or from the surrounding water, and determine to a large extent the status of the ecosystem as a source or sink of atmospheric CO 2 (e.g., Gattuso et al 1993Gattuso et al , 1998Frankignoulle et al 1994;Borges 2005). The net CaCO 3 production in P. oceanica meadows induces a release of CO 2 of about 46% of CO 2 fixed by NCP to the surrounding waters based on the DIC approach (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic carbon metabolism and carbonate dynamics in a Mediterranean seagrass (Posidonia oceanica), meadow

Barrón

Duarte

Frankignoulle

et al. 2006

Estuaries and Coasts

117

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We measured monthly dissolved oxygen (DO) changes in situ benthic incubations from March 2001 to October 2002 in a Posidonia oceanica meadow and unvegetated sediments of Magalluf Bay (Mallorca Island, Spain) to determine gross primary production (GPP), community respiration (R), and net community production (NCP). From June 2001 to October 2002, we also measured fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TAlk). The yearly integrated metabolic rates based on DO changes show that the P. oceanica communities are net autotrophic while the metabolic rates in the unvegetated benthic communities are nearly balanced. Higher calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) cycling, both in terms of production and dissolution, was observed in P. oceanica communities than in unvegetated benthic communities. In the P. oceanica meadow, the annual release of CO 2 from net CaCO 3 production corresponds to almost half of the CO 2 uptake by NCP based on DIC incubations. In unvegetated benthic communities, the annual uptake of CO 2 from net CaCO 3 dissolution almost fully compensates the CO 2 release by NCP based on DIC incubations. CaCO 3 dynamics is potentially a major factor in CO 2 benthic fluxes in seagrass and carbonate-rich temperate coastal ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic carbon metabolism and carbonate dynamics in a Mediterranean seagrass (Posidonia oceanica), meadow

Barrón

Duarte

Frankignoulle

et al. 2006

Estuaries and Coasts

117

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“…Air-sea CO 2 flux values may be used to differentiate coral reefs that act as either sinks or sources of atmospheric CO 2 [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Positive values typically characterize coral reefs as a source of atmospheric CO 2 , whilst negative values may [20].…”

Section: Coral Reefs Of the Scs Act As Sources Of Atmospheric Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, several studies have examined the role of coral reefs and their contribution to atmospheric CO 2 by measuring seawater pCO 2 and atmospheric pCO 2 in coral reefs [6][7][8][9][10][11]. They indicate that although coral reefs are mostly net sources [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] of atmospheric CO 2 , they may also act as sinks [6,17,18] for atmospheric CO 2 . Suzuki et al [6] suggested that the contribution of coral reefs to atmospheric CO 2 is largely dependent on their topographic and oceanographic settings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral reef ecosystems in the South China Sea as a source of atmospheric CO2 in summer

Yan

Qiu

et al. 2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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during the summers of 2008 and 2009 revealed that both air and surface seawater partial pressures of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) showed regular diurnal cycles. Minimum values occurred in the evening and maximum values in the morning. Air pCO 2 in each of the three study areas showed small diurnal variations, while large diurnal variations were observed in seawater pCO 2 . The diurnal variation amplitude of seawater pCO 2 was ~70 μmol mol -1 at the Yongshu Reef lagoon, 420-619 μmol mol -1 on the Yongxing Island reef flat, and 264-579 μmol mol -1 on the reef flat of the Luhuitou Fringing Reef, and 324-492 μmol mol -1 in an adjacent area just outside of this fringing reef. With respect to spatial relations, there were large differences in air-sea CO 2 flux across the South China Sea (e.g. ~0.4 mmol CO 2 m -2 d -1 at Yongshu Reef, ~4.7 mmol CO 2 m -2 d -1 at Yongxing Island, and ~9.8 mmol CO 2 m -2 d -1 at Luhuitou Fringing Reef). However, these positive values suggest that coral reef ecosystems of the SCS may be a net source of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Additional analyses indicated that diurnal variations of surface seawater pCO 2 in the shallow water reef flat are controlled mainly by biological metabolic processes, while those of deeper water lagoons and outer reef areas are regulated by both biological metabolism and hydrodynamic factors. Unlike the open ocean, inorganic metabolism plays a significant role in influencing seawater pCO 2 variations in coral reef ecosystems. coral reefs, pCO 2 , carbon cycle, summer, South China Sea Citation:

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“…In addition to physical and environmental forcings, organic and inorganic metabolic processes significantly alter the chemical properties of the water. Photosynthesis and respiration and calcification and dissolution are opposing forces for changes in pCO 2 (Smith and Key 1975) and other components of the carbonate system (Morse and Mackenzie 1990;Gattuso et al 1993Gattuso et al , 1996Yates and Halley 2006). Thus, determination of the physical and biological forcings driving changes is often difficult.…”

Section: Coral Reef Metabolism In Coastal Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal Trends and Drivers in the CO2–Carbonic Acid System of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument

et al. 2015

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Emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to the atmosphere and the consequent effects of climate change and ocean acidification on coral reef ecosystems have motivated significant interest in describing and understanding the CO 2 -carbonic acid system of diverse coral reef environments. Although numerous studies have been successful in monitoring reef metabolism both in the field and in the laboratory, physical and biological forcings produce distinct conditions among environments. Due to the geographic isolation and associated difficulties with measuring marine carbon chemistry in waters of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM), relatively few studies have described the CO 2 -carbonic acid system and carbonate saturation state gradients of these waters. Yet, PMNM remains one of the largest conservation areas in the world with extensive and diverse coral reef ecosystems that could offer valuable insight into our current and future understanding about regional and global impacts of ocean acidification. In order to provide a broad overview of latitudinal trends and features of the marine carbon system in PMNM waters, continuous measurements for surface seawater fugacity of CO 2 (fCO 2 ) and pH were collected during August 2011 and July 2012 cruises of the NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai. These 123Aquat Geochem (2015) 21:535-553 DOI 10.1007/s10498-015-9273-z measurements indicate that pH and fCO 2 are three times more variable in nearshore monument waters relative to open ocean transect measurements. This variability can be observed up to 50 km away from the nearest reef and is likely the result of the direct and significant impact of coral reef metabolism on marine carbon chemistry around the islands and atolls. The relationship between total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon is consistent with net calcification which creates an alkalinity sink throughout PMNM waters. Additionally, our measurements show clear latitudinal trends in fCO 2 , pH, and aragonite saturation state that are influenced by environmental forcings, including temperature, wind speed, and residence time of the water. Collectively, our results suggest that coral reefs located at the northernmost atolls of PMNM may be the most susceptible to the adverse impacts of climate change and ocean acidification.

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Community metabolism and air-sea C02 fluxes in a coral reef ecosystem (Moorea, French Polynesia)

Cited by 170 publications

References 10 publications

Organic carbon metabolism and carbonate dynamics in a Mediterranean seagrass (Posidonia oceanica), meadow

Organic carbon metabolism and carbonate dynamics in a Mediterranean seagrass (Posidonia oceanica), meadow

Coral reef ecosystems in the South China Sea as a source of atmospheric CO2 in summer

Latitudinal Trends and Drivers in the CO2–Carbonic Acid System of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument

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