Community Mobilization and Empowerment of Female Sex Workers in Karnataka State, South India: Associations With HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk

Abstract

CM is a central part of HIV prevention programming among FSWs, empowering them to better negotiate condom use and access services, as well as address other concerns in their lives.

Socioecological Factors Related to Hazardous Alcohol use among Female Sex Workers in Lilongwe, Malawi: A Mixed Methods Study

“…Structural interventions, like community mobilization, have been largely effective in reducing sexually transmitted diseases through the collective power for condom use with clients among FSW (Beattie et al, 2014; Kerrigan et al, 2006; Lippman et al, 2012). The 100% condom campaign among FSW in Thailand was successful at altering condom use norms by empowering FSW to use condoms with clients, leaving clients without a choice on condom use (Rojanapithayakorn, 2006; Rojanapithayakorn & Hanenberg, 1996).…”

Association between Community Collectivization and Mental Depression among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Andhra Pradesh, India

“…It is also evident from the previous studies that structural approaches and community mobilization are an integral part of successful interventions in reducing the HIV risk vulnerability among key populations (e.g. female sex workers, men having sex with men and injecting drug users) [30,33,36,37,[50][51][52][53]. When mental health in the context of community collectivization approach among MSM is discussed, there is negligible evidence in this sphere of mental health.…”

Theorizing the Relationship Between Gender and Health Through a Case Study of Nepalese Street-Based Female Sex Workers

“…The environmental intervention implemented community mobilization, promotional and educational materials, and interpersonal communication messages as three communication strategies. Community mobilization was used to initiate and sustain community involvement to improve the STI/HIV risks environment (Beattie et al, ; Kerrigan et al, ; Shannon et al, ). Specifically, community mobilization through quarterly workshops and monthly follow‐up meetings was used to build solidarity among FSWs and the staff/management of sex establishments to encourage the commitment of each of these actors to take specific actions to facilitate condom use among FSWs and clients (Sweat et al, ).…”

“…Traditionally, efforts to reduce female sex workers' (FSWs) vulnerability to health risks, that is, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), relied on individual behavior change interventions such as peer educators, condom promotion, provision of sexual health services, and management of STIs (Beattie et al, ; Kerrigan et al, ). However, research suggests that individual behavioral communication interventions among FSWs have had only modest effects on the reduction of HIV (Baral et al, ; Shannon et al, ).…”

“…The principle of the environmental-structural approach is to shift the burden of safer sex negotiation from belonging solely to the individual FSW to one that is collectively shared and owned by the sex worker community (Beattie et al, 2014). Thus communication interventions based on this approach pay attention to the physical and social factors that heighten the behavioral risks of sex workers (Beattie et al, 2014;Kerrigan et al, 2006;Shannon et al, 2015;Sweat et al, 2006).…”