Community Norms About Suppression of AIDS-Related Prejudice and Perceptions of Stigma by People With HIV or AIDS

Miller, Carol T.; Grover, Kristin W.; Bunn, Janice Y.; Solomon, Samuel

doi:10.1177/0956797611404898

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, relatively few studies have examined how community attitudes, perceptions, or motivations relate to the experience of stigmatization by stigmatized people living in different communities. One exception is a recent report (Miller et al, 2011), based on data from the same sample used in the present study, showing that community internal and external motivation to control HIV prejudice were related to the disclosure concerns of people with HIV living in different communities. The present study suggests that community perceptions of norms about using condoms to prevent the transmission of HIV and STDs infiltrates a broad array of stigmatizing experiences.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…Data were collected from 2004–2006 as part of a larger study on the social and physical ecology of rural communities and HIV stigma (Bunn, Solomon, Varni, Miller, Forehand, Ashikaga, 2008; Gonzalez, Miller, Solomon, Bunn, & Cassidy, 2009; Gonzalez, Grover, Miller, & Solomon, 2011; Miller, Grover, Bunn, & Solomon, 2011; Ryan, Forehand, Solomon, & Miller, 2008; Varni, Miller, McCuin, & Solomon, 2012; Varni, Miller, & Solomon, in press). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Perceptions of behavioral norms related to HIV transmission by people with HIV and by residents of their communities

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined how people with HIV are both part of and apart from the communities in which they live. We compared perceptions of behavioral norms of 203 people with HIV living in 33 different communities with community-level normative perceptions assessed by surveys of 2,444 randomly selected residents of these communities. Participants with HIV perceived behavior that risks the transmission of HIV as injunctively and descriptively more normative than did other community residents. Participants with HIV living in communities in which community residents perceived relatively widespread approval of condom use to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases also perceived these behaviors as injunctively normative, and they perceived relatively low levels of HIV stigmatization. Discussion focuses on how perceptions about “deviant” behaviors may affect the experiences of people whose stigmatized status is assumed to be the result of such behavior.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of behavioral norms related to HIV transmission by people with HIV and by residents of their communities

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They were recruited as part of a larger project (Miller, Bunn, Grover, & Solomon, 2014: Miller, Grover, Bunn, & Solomon, 2011; Varni, Miller, McCuin, & Solomon, 2012; Varni, Miller, & Solomon, 2012). ) that involved extensive assessment of HIV stigma as it is experienced by men and women with HIV in rural New England, and as it is expressed by the communities in which they live (Miller, Bunn, Grover, & Solomon, 2014: Miller, Grover, Bunn, & Solomon, 2011; Varni, Miller, McCuin, & Solomon, 2012; Varni, Miller, & Solomon, 2012). Data from three male participants were not recorded due to computer errors, and five men did not answer questions about their sexual behavior.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Symptoms Are Associated with Both Abstinence and Risky Sex Among Men with HIV

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sexual abstinence is often deemed the “safest behavior” in HIV prevention, but is sometimes associated with psychological symptoms (e.g., depression) just as sexually risky behavior is. This study explored whether sexual abstinence and risky sexual behavior among men with HIV are associated with similar constellations of psychological symptoms. Prior research has not addressed this issue because abstinent people often are not included in the sample, or when data are analyzed, researchers combine abstinent people with sexually active people who practice safer sex. Past research also neglects the co-morbidity of psychological symptoms. A latent class analysis of the psychological symptoms (assessed with the Symptom Check List 90-R; Derogatis, 1994) of 140 men with HIV, mostly from rural New England, revealed three latent classes; men who were asymptomatic on all symptom domains (28.8%), men who were symptomatic on all domains (34.1%), and men who were symptomatic on internalizing domains (37.1%), but were asymptomatic on the externalizing symptoms of hostility and paranoid ideation. Logistic regression showed that sexual behavior during the past 90 days of men in the all symptom class and the internalizing symptoms class was similar, with abstinence and risky sex predominating, and safer sex being relatively uncommon for both classes. The sexual behavior of men in the asymptomatic class differed, with safer sex being relatively more likely to occur compared to the symptomatic classes. These findings suggest that the psychological symptom profile of sexually abstinent people places them at risk for inconsistent condom use should they engage in sexual behavior.

show abstract

“…For example, some state laws deny sexual minority individuals access to the same opportunities afforded heterosexuals, such as marriage and adoption, thus serving to mark members of this group as less-than-equal (e.g., Eskridge & Spedale, 2006). Researchers have hypothesized that these broader structural forms of stigma are likely fundamental contributors to unequal health outcomes between members of stigmatized and non-stigmatized groups (Link, Yang, Phelan, & Collins, 2004), and a burgeoning line of research has begun to support this hypothesis (e.g., Hatzenbuehler, 2010; Lucachko, Hatzenbuehler, & Keyes, 2013; Miller, Bunn, & Solomon, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of structural stigma and rejection sensitivity on young sexual minority men's daily tobacco and alcohol use

Pachankis

Hatzenbuehler

Starks

2014

Social Science & Medicine

209

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stigma occurs at both individual and structural levels, but existing research tends to examine the effect of individual and structural forms of stigma in isolation, rather than considering potential synergistic effects. To address this gap, our study examined whether stigma at the individual level, namely gay-related rejection sensitivity, interacts with structural stigma to predict substance use among young sexual minority men. Sexual minority (n = 119) participants completed online measures of our constructs (e.g., rejection sensitivity). Participants currently resided across a broad array of geographic areas (i.e., 24 U.S. states), and had attended high school in 28 states, allowing us to capture sufficient variance in current and past forms of structural stigma, defined as (1) a lack of state-level policies providing equal opportunities for heterosexual and sexual minority individuals and (2) negative state-aggregated attitudes toward sexual minorities. To measure daily substance use, we utilized a daily diary approach, whereby all participants were asked to indicate whether they used tobacco or alcohol on nine consecutive days. Results indicated that structural stigma interacted with rejection sensitivity to predict tobacco and alcohol use, and that this relationship depended on the developmental timing of exposure to structural stigma. In contrast, rejection sensitivity did not mediate the relationship between structural stigma and substance use. These results suggest that psychological predispositions, such as rejection sensitivity, interact with features of the social environment, such as structural stigma, to predict important health behaviors among young sexual minority men. These results add to a growing body of research documenting the multiple levels through which stigma interacts to produce negative health outcomes among sexual minority individuals.

show abstract

Community Norms About Suppression of AIDS-Related Prejudice and Perceptions of Stigma by People With HIV or AIDS

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Perceptions of behavioral norms related to HIV transmission by people with HIV and by residents of their communities

Perceptions of behavioral norms related to HIV transmission by people with HIV and by residents of their communities

Psychological Symptoms Are Associated with Both Abstinence and Risky Sex Among Men with HIV

The influence of structural stigma and rejection sensitivity on young sexual minority men's daily tobacco and alcohol use

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About