Community Participation in Urban Development Planning

Associational Life in African Cities: Popular Responses to the Urban Crisis

“…Moreover, the technical and administrative know-how of the APE was soon complemented by social approaches, in contrast to many other cases (see e.g. Vaa, 1993).…”

“…I prefer, however, the terms settlement, or neighbourhood, because I have not studied the issue more closely, and also because the studies of Volpi and Abdel Motaal (1997) indicate that El Gam'iyya has generated tension within the settlement. John Abbot (1996:118-20) points out that "the problem which needs to be faced by urban upgrading, and similar programmes being dealt with through negotiated development, is that they cannot escape the issue of community heterogeneity" (see also Vaa, 1993). There exist many potential conflicts, for instance, between men and women, between landowners and tenants, between different organisations claiming to represent the community etc.…”