Community Pharmacy Centered Rural Mobile Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Service

Jiménez-Ramírez, Francisco J.

doi:10.15226/2374-6890/2/2/00121

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[ 16 ] At present, the chief role of pharmacies in DR screening is seen in areas where community pharmacy services are integrated into public health, areas that are remote precluding other modalities of DR screening, and where teleophthalmology can be established. [ 17 ] This model is not yet tried in India, but it is worth exploring.…”

Section: Nonophthalmologist Screening Models For Diabetic Retinopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Training of nonophthalmologists in diabetic retinopathy screening

Rani

Takkar

Das

2021

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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The burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) is at alarming proportions in India and around the globe. The number of people with DM in India is estimated to increase to over 134 million by 2045. Screening and early identification of sight-threatening DR are proven ways of reducing DR-related blindness. An ideal DR screening model should include personalized awareness, targeted screening, integrated follow-up reminders, and capacity building. The DR screening technology is slowly shifting from direct examination by an ophthalmologist to remote screening using retinal photographs, including telescreening and automated grading of retinal images using artificial intelligence. The ophthalmologist-to-patient ratio is poor in India, and there is an urban–rural divide. The possibility of screening all people with diabetes by ophthalmologists alone is a remote possibility. It is prudent to use the available nonophthalmologist workforce for DR screening in tandem with the technological advances. Capacity-building efforts are based on the principle of task sharing, which allows for the training of a variety of nonophthalmologists in DR screening techniques and technology. The nonophthalmologist human resources for health include physicians, optometrists, allied ophthalmic personnel, nurses, and pharmacists, among others. A concurrent augmentation of health infrastructure, conducive health policy, improved advocacy, and increased people's participation are necessary requirements for successful DR screening. This perspective looks at the characteristics of various nonophthalmologist DR screening models and their applicability in addressing DR-related blindness in India.

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Section: Nonophthalmologist Screening Models For Diabetic Retinopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Training of nonophthalmologists in diabetic retinopathy screening

Rani

Takkar

Das

2021

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…One recent study found that rural persons receiving a one-time pharmacy-led educational intervention on diabetic retinopathy (DR) led to 79% of patients electing to receive DR screening. 18 A large study of more than 1400 rural and urban patients receiving a pharmacist-led intervention (brief counseling and pharmacotherapy) for tobacco cessation showed quitting success rates on par with interventions delivered by other health care professionals. 19 Another study of 200 pharmacies in the United Kingdom showed that a pharmacy-led intervention for smoking cessation consisting of one-to-one counseling up to 12 weeks including help with decisions about appropriate pharmacotherapy was less effective than specialist-based group services of similar length and content (18.6% vs 35.5% quit rates at 4 weeks post baseline) 20 but had the advantage of reaching more people.…”

Section: Pharmacistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for Identifying and Addressing Unhealthy Substance Use in Rural Communities: A Commentary on Cucciare et al (2017)

Cucciare

Scarbrough

2018

Subst�Abuse

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Unhealthy substance use is a public health problem facing rural communities across the United States. Unfortunately, numerous challenges including stigma, perceived need for care, and perceived accessibility of substance use treatment serve as barriers to many rural adults using substances in obtaining the care they need. It is therefore important to examine whether accessing health care options other than substance use treatment is associated with improved substance use. In a recent study published in the American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, we explored whether use of outpatient medical care (OMC) was associated with reductions in substance use among rural stimulant users over a 3-year period. Overall, the results showed that, among rural adults using stimulants, those with at least one OMC visit had fewer days of alcohol, crack cocaine, and methamphetamine use over time. However, most participants reported not having any use of an OMC over the 3-year period, suggesting the need for identifying innovative opportunities to provide substance use help for persons living in rural settings. In this commentary, we discuss opportunities for detecting and addressing unhealthy substance use in retail clinics, via clergy and pharmacists.

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Community Pharmacy Centered Rural Mobile Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Service

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Training of nonophthalmologists in diabetic retinopathy screening

Training of nonophthalmologists in diabetic retinopathy screening

Opportunities for Identifying and Addressing Unhealthy Substance Use in Rural Communities: A Commentary on Cucciare et al (2017)

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